Dates:  Date 1 and Date 2

Record Type

BIB

Bytes

ALL: 008/07-14

Definition

Dates of production, publication, distribution, manufacture, or copyright, are specified by the code in DtSt. Dates represents two MARC 21 fixed-field elements: Date 1 and Date 2. The following provides information on how Dates are displayed in various OCLC interfaces:

• Connexion client. When the fixed field is displayed as a control field, Dates appear in 008/07-14. When the fixed field is displayed in the mnemonic format, each date displays as four positions separated by a comma.
• Record Manager. When field 008 is displayed as a control field, Dates appear in 008/07-14. When the 008 is displayed in the mnemonic format, Date 1 and Date 2 can be filled out in text boxes.

Guidelines

For most records you derive date information from field 260 subfield ǂc, field 264 subfield ǂc, field 362, and 5xx notes. For archival collections and manuscript materials you may also derive date information from field 245 subfields ǂf and ǂg. Choose the code for DtSt concurrently with recording dates in Date 1 and Date 2.

Record dates using the Gregorian calendar. If a resource uses a non-Gregorian calendar date, convert to a Gregorian date. If the non-Gregorian date does not have a single Gregorian equivalent, e.g., if a single non-Gregorian calendar year corresponds to two Gregorian calendar years, record the earlier Gregorian date.

Publication and copyright dates. When cataloging according to RDA and your examination of DtSt hierarchy leads you to choose value t, record the publication date in Date 1, whether inferred or not, and the copyright date in Date 2, even when the dates are the same.

Collections. Record the earliest date of production or publication applicable to a collection in Date 1 and the latest date in Date 2.

If a date of production or publication of an entire collection occurs within a single year, record that year in Date 1.

DtSt			s
Dates			2011,
245	1	0	Ernest and Oneta Lichfield memoirs
264		0	ǂc 2011

If the collection is ongoing, record the earliest year of the production or publication of the collection in Date 1 and 9999 in Date 2.

When following the Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS), record the inclusive dates pertaining to the holdings in the custody of the repository. When accruals are received, revise Date 2 information accordingly.

If no date can be found in the collection or determined from any other source, supply the date or approximate date of production or publication.

If it is misleading to record an approximate date, record u for each unknown digit in both Date 1 and Date 2.

Printing dates. Printing dates represent when a resource was manufactured. Such dates appearing in resources may be accompanied by a word or phrase indicative of manufacture, such as impression, manufacture, or printing.

Generally, ignore printing dates if a publication date is present. You may infer a publication date from a date of printing or manufacture if no publication date is present.

Record the publication date of the edition in Date 1.

Record a printing date in Date 1 only in special situations, such as for rare materials.

DtSt			s
Dates			1620,
040			XXX ǂb eng ǂe rda ǂe dcrmb ǂc XXX
264		3	Gedruckt zu Jehna : ǂb durch Tobiam Steinman, ǂc im Jahr MDCXX [1620]

Record the inferred publication date in Date 1 if it is reasonable to assume the printing date is the publication date.

DtSt			s
Dates			2006,
264		0	Soveria Mannelli (Catanzaro) : ǂb Rubbettino, ǂc [2006]
[Publication date is inferred from the 2006 printing date]

Non-English language publications may reflect printing information rather than edition information. Printing dates that appear in these resources should be disregarded. For more information on printing dates for non-English publications, see When to Input a New Record, 250 Edition Statement.

Microforms. For microform reproductions, record the publication date of the original resource in Date 1 and Date 2. Record the publication date for the reproduction in field 533 and field 539 subfields ǂa, ǂb, and ǂc.

DtSt			s
Dates			1917,
264		1	Atlanta, Ga. : ǂb J.L. Nichols & Co., ǂc [1917]
533			Microfilm. ǂb [Bethesda, Md.] : ǂc National Library of Medicine, ǂd 2000. ǂh 1 microfilm reel : negative ; 35 mm
539			s ǂb 2000 ǂd mdu ǂe n ǂg a

For original microforms, record the publication date in Date 1 and Date 2.

Multipart monographs. If the first published part of a multipart monograph is available, record the publication date of the first published part in Date 1. If the publication of the resource is complete, record the publication date of the last published part in Date 2.

If the publication of the multipart monograph is complete and the date of last published part is available, but not the first, record the last date of publication in Date 2 and use u for each unknown digit in Date 1.

If the multipart monograph is not complete, enter 9999 in Date 2, record the publication date of the first published part in Date 1.

If the publication date is the same for all parts, record only that date in Date 1.

DtSt			s
Dates			2015,
264		1	Chichester, West Sussex, UK : ǂb Wiley Blackwell, ǂc 2015
300			5 volumes : ǂb illustrations ; ǂc 25 cm

If the date for the first and/or last published part is not available, supply an approximate date or dates if possible.

If the date or dates cannot be approximated for a multipart monograph, record u for each unknown digit in both Date 1 and Date 2.

Occasionally, parts of a multipart monograph are not issued in order. Record the earliest and latest publication dates applicable to the multipart monograph even if they are not the first and last parts.

Use Date 1 and Date 2 for the beginning and ending dates of a serial based on the chronological designations or issue dates appearing on the first and last issues. If the first and last issues are available but lack chronological designations or issue dates, base Date 1 and Date 2 on the dates of publication of the first and last issues in field 260 or field 264.

First and last issues unavailable. Enter Date 1 with the closest known year, decade, or century and record u for each unknown digit. If the first issue of a serial is unavailable, do not use the date given in the Description based on note.

Enter Date 2 with the closest known year, decade, or century and use the letter u for each unknown digit if the serial has ceased publication. If the serial is still being published, enter 9999 in Date 2. If the publication status of the serial is unknown, record u for each unknown digit in Date 2. If the last issue of a serial is unavailable, do not use the date given in the Latest issue consulted note.

Serial reprints and reproductions. Enter the dates of the original serial as outlined above in Dates, and code DtSt for the original serial. In the case of reprints, enter publication dates for the reprint in field 260 subfield ǂc or field 264 subfield ǂc.

In the case of reproductions, enter publication dates for the reproduction in field 533 subfield ǂd.

Issue date covers more than one year. Enter the latest named year.

Period covered. Enter dates based on the period covered.

Issue date has more than one date in the Common Era. Enter the first named Common Era year.

Dates for integrating resources. Integrating resources are added to or changed by means of updates that do not remain discrete and are integrated into the whole. Integrating resources may be finite or continuing. Examples include updating loose-leaf publications, updating databases, and updating Web sites.

If the first iteration of the integrating resource is available, record publication date of the first iteration in Date 1. If the publication of the resource is complete, record the final iteration in Date 2.

If the publication of the integrating resource is complete and the final iteration is available, but information from the first iteration is not, record the publication date of the final iteration in Date 2 and use u for each unknown digit in Date 1.

If a publication date is the same for all iterations, record only that date in Date 1.

If the integrating resource is still being published, enter 9999 in Date 2, record the publication date of the first iteration in Date 1.

If the first iteration, the final iteration, or both are not available, supply an approximate date or dates. If the date or dates cannot be approximated for a integrating resource, use u for each unknown digit in Date 1 and Date 2.

Typographical conventions

Use blank () for each digit position in Date 1 or Date 2 if the date is not applicable.

Use four blanks () in Date 2 when a single date is applicable. Do not use u in Date 2 when the publication date is a single date.

DtSt			s
Dates			2011,
264		1	Don Mills, Ontario : ǂb Mira Books, ǂc 2011

DtSt			s
Dates			1966,
264		1	Boston : ǂb Target Press, ǂc [1966?]

Use four blanks () for Date 1 and Date 2 for B.C.E. dates.

DtSt			b
Dates			,
046			k ǂb 150 ǂd 100
260			ǂc [between 150 and 100 B.C.]

Use two blanks () if the day is not given in a technical report.

DtSt			e
Dates			2012,05
264		1	Alexandria, Virginia : ǂb American Diabetes Association, ǂc May 2012

Use u for each unknown digit in Date 1 or Date 2.

In pre-RDA records, use u in Dates when the digit of a date is unknown.

In pre-RDA records, use u for each unknown digit in probable dates.

In pre-RDA records, enter the date to the closest decade or century, substituting a lowercase u for each unknown digit.

DtSt			s
Dates			19uu,
260			Ithaca, N.Y. : ǂb Press of Andrews & Church, ǂc [19--?]
[Pre-RDA. Probable century known.]

DtSt			s
Dates			1uuu,
260			Philadelphia : ǂb Evangelical Education Society of the Protestant Episcopal Church, ǂc [1---?]
[Pre-RDA. If a date is completely unknown, you may infer the millennium.]

In pre-RDA records, use uu for the final two characters of Date 2 if the day is unknown for an event known to have occurred on a specific day, such as an original broadcast date. Leave the final two characters of Date 2 coded blank if there is no day of month given on the item and no day can be inferred. Use the form yyyy,mmdd.

For pre-RDA hybrid and RDA cataloging, use uuuu for [date of publication not identified].

Indexing

For indexing and searching information, see Searching WorldCat Indexes, 008/07-10 and 008/11-14.

MARC 21

For more information, including content designator history, see MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data, 008/07-10 and 11-14 (All Materials).