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034  Coded Cartographic Mathematical Data (R)

Record Type

BIB

Input Standards
Field (Full/Minimal)
Required if applicable/Optional
1st Indicator  Type of scale
0 Scale indeterminable/No scale recorded
1 Single scale
3 Range of scale
2nd Indicator  Type of ring
blank character Not applicable
0 Outer ring
1 Exclusion ring
Subfields (R=Repeatable  NR=Nonrepeatable) Input Standards (Full/Minimal)
ǂa Category of scale (NR) Mandatory/Mandatory
ǂb Constant ratio linear horizontal scale (R) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂc Constant ratio linear vertical scale (R) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂd Coordinates - westernmost longitude (NR) Required if applicable/Optional
ǂe Coordinates - easternmost longitude (NR) Required if applicable/Optional
ǂf Coordinates - northernmost latitude (NR) Required if applicable/Optional
ǂg Coordinates - southernmost latitude (NR) Required if applicable/Optional
ǂh Angular scale (R) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂj Declination - northern limit (NR) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂk Declination - southern limit (NR) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂm Right ascension - eastern limit (NR) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂn Right ascension - western limit (NR) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂp Equinox (NR) Required if applicable/Optional
ǂr Distance from earth (NR) Required if applicable/Optional
ǂs G-ring latitude (R) Required if applicable/Optional
ǂt G-ring longitude (R) Required if applicable/Optional
ǂx Beginning date (NR) Required if applicable/Optional
ǂy Ending date (NR) Required if applicable/Optional
ǂz Name of extraterrestrial body (NR) Required if applicable/Optional
ǂ0 Authority record control number or standard number (R) Optional/Optional
ǂ1 Real World Object URI (R) Optional/Optional
ǂ2 Source (NR) Required if applicable/Optional
ǂ3 Materials Specified (NR) Optional/Optional
ǂ6 Linkage (NR) System supplied/System supplied
ǂ8 Field link and sequence number (R) Optional/Optional

Definition

Cartographic mathematical data, including scale, projection and/or coordinates.

For cartographic material, enter a corresponding field 255 for each 034 field.

For non-cartographic materials (i.e., images, graphic materials, textual materials, etc.), geographic coordinates are recorded to represent the position of the structure, site, or feature depicted or described in the resource, or the geographic location from which the image was captured. In this case, geographic coordinates may be recorded in field 034 without the presence of a corresponding field 255 in the record.
Flat maps and globes
  • Use 1st indicator value 1 for a single scale. Use subfield ǂb for the scale.
  • Use 1st indicator value 3 for a range of scales. Use the first subfield ǂb for the smaller denominator; use a second subfield ǂb for the larger.
  • Use subfields ǂd, ǂe, ǂf, and ǂg for coordinates
  • Use separate 034 fields to record two scales
Relief models and other three-dimensional cartographic items
  • Use 1st indicator value 1 for a single scale. Use subfield ǂb for the horizontal scale; subfield ǂc for the vertical.
  • Use 1st indicator value 3 for a range of scales. Use the first subfield ǂb for the smaller horizontal scale denominator; use a second subfield ǂb for the larger. Use the first subfield ǂc for the smaller vertical scale denominator; use a second subfield ǂc for the larger.
  • Use subfields ǂd, ǂe, ǂf, and ǂg for coordinates
  • Use separate 034 fields to record two scales
Celestial charts
  • Use subfield ǂh to enter the scale
  • Use subfields ǂj and ǂk for the declination
  • Use subfields ǂm and ǂn for the right ascension
  • Use subfield ǂp for the equinox

1st Indicator

Type of scale. The type of scale information given.
 
0

Scale indeterminable/No scale recorded. No scale information is given or no field 255 is present in the record.
 
1

Single scale. A single horizontal scale.
 
3

Range of scale. A range of scales. Use only if the scale varies on a single map.

2nd Indicator

Type of ring. The type of ring for digital cartographic items.
 
blank character

Not applicable. The type of ring is not applicable.
 
0

Outer ring. The closed non-intersecting boundary of the area covered.
 
1

Exclusion ring. The closed non-intersecting boundary of the area within the excluded G-polygon outer ring.

Subfields

  
ǂa Category of scale

For cartographic material, the type of scale of the item. Use even when the 1st indicator value is 0. For non-cartographic materials (i.e., images, graphic materials, textual materials, etc.), subfield ǂa is not used.

a

Linear scale. A subdivided line that shows distances at a given scale; also known as "bar scale".
b

Angular scale. Use for celestial charts.
z

Other. Use for all other scales, e.g., time scale, quantitative statistical scale, etc.
ǂb Constant ratio linear horizontal scale

The denominator of the representative fraction for the horizontal scale. The larger scale (smaller number) is generally given first.

034 1   a ǂb 887040
255     Scale approximately 1:887,040. 1 inch equals approximately 14 miles
034 1   a ǂb 37000
255     Scale approximately 1:37,000
ǂc Constant ratio linear vertical scale

The denominator of the representative fraction for the vertical scale of relief models and other three-dimensional cartographic items. Give the larger scale (smaller number) first.

034 1   a ǂb 15000 ǂc 1000 ǂd W1552500 ǂe W1550000 ǂf N1920000 ǂg N1840000
255     Scale [ca. 1:150,000. Vertical scale ca. 1:1,000] ǂc (W 155°25ʹ--W 155°00ʹ/N 192°00ʹ--N 184°00ʹ)
034 1   a ǂb 100000 ǂc 1000 ǂd -079.954791 ǂe -079.531129 ǂf 009.357534 ǂg 008.821213 ǂ2 bound
255     Scale 1:100,000. Vertical scale 1:1,000 ǂc (W 79°57ʹ17ʺ--W 79°31ʹ52ʺ/N 9°21ʹ27ʺ--N 8°49ʹ16ʺ)
034 3   a ǂb 18000 ǂb 28000
255     Scale 1:17,500 - 1:28,000 ; ǂb hyperbolic projection
ǂd Coordinates - westernmost longitude

The westernmost extent of the item. For information about subfield ǂd, see the Subfield Guidelines section below.
ǂe Coordinates - easternmost longitude

The easternmost extent of the item. For information about subfield ǂe, see the Subfield Guidelines section below.
ǂf Coordinates - northernmost latitude

The northernmost extent of the item. For information about subfield ǂf, see the Subfield Guidelines section below.
ǂg Coordinates - southernmost latitude

The southernmost extent of the item. For information about subfield ǂg, see the Subfield Guidelines section below.
ǂh Angular scale

The scale, if known, for celestial charts.

034 0   b ǂh 60 mm = 1° ǂj N0900000 ǂk S0330000 ǂp 1950
255     Scale approximately 60 mm per 1° ǂd (Zones +90° to +87°, +87° to +81°, +81° to 75° ...-27° to -33° ; ǂe equinox 1950, epoch 1949-1958)
ǂj Declination - northern limit

The northern limit of the item. For information about subfield ǂj, see the Subfield Guidelines section below.
ǂk Declination - southern limit

The southern limit of the item. For information about subfield ǂk, see the Subfield Guidelines section below.
ǂm Right ascension - eastern limit

The eastern limit of the item. For information about subfield ǂm, see the Subfield Guidelines section below.
ǂn Right ascension - western limit

The western limit of the item. For information about subfield ǂn, see the Subfield Guidelines section below.
ǂp Equinox

The equinox for a celestial chart. Record the equinox in the form yyyy (year) according to the Gregorian calendar. A decimal indicating the month in the form yyyy.mm (year.month) may be included.

034 0   b ǂj S0180000 ǂk S0840000 ǂp 1875
255     Scale [3 cm. per degree] ǂd (Zones -18° to -33°, -31° to -46°, -44° to 59°, -57° to -72°, -69° to -84° ; ǂe equinox 1875)
034 0   b ǂj N0150000 ǂk N0150000 ǂp 1800
255     Scale not given ǂd (Declination +15° to -15° ; ǂe equinox 1800)
ǂr Distance from earth

The distance of celestial bodies, such as planets or stars, from the Earth in light-years in star atlases.
ǂs G-ring latitude

The latitude of a point of the g-ring.
ǂt G-ring longitude

The longitude of a point of the g-ring.
ǂx Beginning date

The beginning of the date period of the data in which the coordinates describe. The date is structured in the form yyyymmdd. When no date is recorded, it is assumed that the coordinate information is current.
ǂy Ending date

The end of the date period of the data in which the coordinates describe. The date is structured in the form yyyymmdd. When no date is recorded, it is assumed that the coordinate information is current.

034 1   a ǂb 3200000 ǂd W0062000 ǂe E0202000 ǂf N0550000 ǂg S0470000 ǂx 19370000 ǂy 19410000
255     Scale [ca. 1:3,200,000] ǂc (W 6°20ʹ--E 20°20ʹ/N 55°00ʹ--S 47°00ʹ)
034 0   ǂd E0110000 ǂe E0320000 ǂf N0690000 ǂg N0550000 ǂx 17210000 ǂy 19171200
255     Scale not given ǂc (W 11°00ʹ--E 32°00ʹ/N 69°00ʹ--S 55°00ʹ)
034 0   ǂd E0110000 ǂe E0240000 ǂf N0690000 ǂg N0550000 ǂx 19171200
255     Scale not given ǂc (W 11°00ʹ--E 24°00ʹ/N 69°00ʹ--S 55°00ʹ)
[Coordinates for Sweden showing period when Finland was part and then separated]
ǂz Name of extraterrestrial body

The name of a planet or other extraterrestrial body specified when the coordinate data recorded in subfields ǂd, ǂe, ǂf, and ǂg do not describe an entity on Earth.

034 1   a ǂb 2000000 ǂd -130.0000 ǂe 112.5000 ǂf 030.0000 ǂg 015.0000 ǂz Mars ǂz gpn
255     Scale 1:2,000,000 (1 mm = 2 km) at 27.76° ; ǂb Mercator projection ǂc (W 130°00ʹ--W 112°30ʹ/N 30°00ʹ--N 15°00ʹ)
ǂ0 Authority record control number or standard number

For information about subfield ǂ0, see Control Subfields.
ǂ1 Real World Object URI

For information about subfield ǂ1, see Control Subfields.
ǂ2 Source

The source of the data recorded in field 034. If different sources are recorded, separate fields should be used. See Cartographic Data Source Codes. For information about subfield ǂ2, see Control Subfields.
ǂ3 Materials Specified

For information about subfield ǂ3, see Control Subfields.
ǂ6 Linkage

Data that link fields when non-Latin script is entered. This subfield is system supplied and does not appear in OCLC online displays. Do not manually add subfield ǂ6. For more information about subfield ǂ6, see Control Subfields.
ǂ8 Field link and sequence number

For information about subfield ǂ8, see Control Subfields.

Subfield Guidelines

 
Subfields ǂd, ǂe, ǂf, and ǂg

Subfields ǂd, ǂe, ǂf, and ǂg must always be entered together.

Record coordinates in the form hdddmmss (hemisphere-degrees-minutes-seconds) or, in other forms, such as decimal degrees. Right-justify the subelements and mark unused positions with zeros.

Degrees/minutes/seconds: hdddmmss (hemisphere-degrees-minutes-seconds):

034 1   a ǂb 22000000 ǂd W1800000 ǂe E1800000 ǂf N0840000 ǂg S0700000
255     Scale 1:22,000,000 ǂc (W 180º--E 180º/N 84º--S 70º)
034 1   a ǂb 253440 ǂd E0790000 ǂe E0860000 ǂf N0200000 ǂg N0120000
255     Scale 1:253,440. 1 in. = 4 miles ǂc (E 79º--E 86º/N 20º--N 12º)

Decimal degrees: hddd.dddddd (hemisphere-degrees.decimal degrees):

034 1   a ǂb 100000 ǂd E079.533265 ǂe E086.216635 ǂf S012.583377 ǂg S020.419532
255     Scale 1:100,000 ǂc (E 79.533265--E 086.216635/S 012.583377--S 020.419532)

Decimal degrees: + -ddd.dddddd (hemisphere[+/-]-degrees.decimal degrees [+ for N and E, - for S and W with + being optional]):

034 1   a ǂb 100000 ǂd +079.533265 ǂe +086.216635 ǂf -012.583377 ǂg -020.419532
255     Scale 1:100,000 ǂc (E 079.533265--E 086.216635/S 012.583377--S 020.419532)

Decimal degrees without the optional +:

034 1   a ǂb 100000 ǂd 079.533265 ǂe 086.216635 ǂf -012.583377 ǂg -020.419532
255     Scale 1:100,000 ǂc (E 79.533265--E 086.216635/S 012.583377--S 020.419532)

Decimal minutes: hdddmm.mmmm (hemisphere-degrees-minutes.decimal minutes):

034 1   a ǂb 100000 ǂd E07932.5332 ǂe E08607.4478 ǂf S01235.5421 ǂg S02028.9704
255     Scale 1:100,000 ǂc (E 07932.5332--E 08607.4478/S 01235.5421--S 02028.9704)

Decimal seconds: hdddmmss.sss (hemisphere-degrees-minutes-seconds.decimal seconds):

034 1   a ǂb 100000 ǂd E0793235.575 ǂe E0860727.350 ǂf S0123536.895 ǂg S0202858.125
255     Scale 1:100,000 ǂc (E 0793235.575--E 0860727.350 /S 0123536.895--S 0202858.125)

If you enter the coordinates as a center point rather than outside limits ("bounding box"), enter the longitude and latitude twice (in field 034, subfields ǂd and ǂe and in ǂf and ǂg, respectively).

034 1   a ǂb 75000 ǂd W0950500 ǂe W0950500 ǂf N0300300 ǂgN0300300
255     Scale 1:75,000 ǂc (W 95º05´/N 30º03´)
034 1   a ǂb 25000 ǂd -119.697222 ǂe -119.697222 ǂf +034.420833 ǂg +034.420833
255     Scale 1:25,000 ǂc (W 119.697222/N 034.420833)
034 0   ǂd W0735848 ǂe W0735848 ǂf N0404554 ǂg N0404554
[Coordinates of Carnegie Hall, a concert venue depicted in an image]
Subfields ǂj, ǂk, ǂm, and ǂn

Use subfields ǂj, ǂk, ǂm, and ǂn with celestial charts or celestial charts in atlases.

Record the declination in the form hdddmmss (hemisphere-degrees-minutes-seconds). Right-justify the subelements and mark unused positions with zeroes. If the declination of center is known, repeat the declination in subfields ǂj and ǂk.

Record the right ascension in the form hhmmss (hour-minute-seconds). Right-justify the subelements and mark unused positions with zeroes. If the right ascension of center is known, repeat the right ascension in both subfields ǂm and ǂn.

034 0   b ǂj N0490000 ǂk N0120000 ǂm 030000 ǂn 090000
255     Scale not given ǂc (ǂc right ascension 3 hr. 00 min. to 9 hr. 00 min./Declination +49°to +12°)
034 0   b ǂj N0661700 ǂk S0661700 ǂm 024000 ǂn 024000
255     Scale not given ; ǂb Mercator proj. ǂc (RA 0 hr. to 24 hr./Declination +66°17' to -66°17')

Indexing

For indexing and searching information, see Searching WorldCat Indexes, Fields 010-037.

MARC 21

For more information, including content designator history, see MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data, field 034.

This page last updated: 2025-05-15 · Report an error in WorldCat · Submit a suggestion for this page · Get help with general cataloging questions