President’s Welcome
This year OCLC Research asked 698 library leaders how they are approaching artificial intelligence. Adoption is growing, though unevenly. Leaders see real opportunity and real concern in roughly equal measure, and most told us policy has yet to catch up with practice. They named one issue above the rest: trust. They want to know whom to trust with their data, which tools to put in front of their communities, and how to protect the confidence that libraries have built with the public over generations.
We have been asking this question since 1967, when a librarian and a group of university presidents founded OCLC. Library leaders have helped govern this nonprofit ever since, and what we earn goes back into serving libraries. AI is the newest form of an old responsibility: looking after what libraries have placed in our care, including their metadata, their systems, and their patrons' privacy. This report is organized around how we tried to meet that responsibility in FY26. Early this summer, one of our trustees said it as plainly as I have heard it: AI governance and member trust are the same agenda. I have not found a better way to put it.
Innovating: technology we can explain
Skepticism about AI is healthy, and the library leaders we surveyed expressed plenty of it. We share some of it, which is why our principles are human-led, transparent, and values-based. People remain accountable for quality and correctness. We tell you which models we use and what they can and cannot do, we work to address bias, and we protect privacy and security. We do not implement AI for AI's sake.
“AI is the newest form of an old responsibility: looking after what libraries have placed in our care, including their metadata, their systems, and their patrons' privacy. … One commitment sits above the rest. Library trust is to be protected, and that has shaped some of our hardest decisions.”
We know staffing is tight, so we have pointed AI at repetitive work and kept judgment with skilled people. Suggested Dewey numbers, Library of Congress classifications, and subject headings can save a cataloger up to 20 minutes on a record. The suggestion appears on the screen, and the cataloger decides whether it stays.
Interlibrary loan shows what a network of this size makes possible. Our smart fulfillment tools use machine learning and years of historical data to learn which libraries fill requests fastest and are ready to take on work right now. They route each request accordingly and spread the load so no one library is overwhelmed, and libraries using them have cut processing time by up to 50%. Express, which connects libraries committed to fast digital delivery, now includes more than 1,100 libraries in nearly 20 countries and fills requests in an average of 9.5 hours.
AI has an environmental cost, and we weigh it. Because so much of our work involves structured metadata, we often choose efficient machine learning over heavier generative approaches. We run on a modest GPU footprint in our own data centers and allocate computing power only when it is needed, which keeps energy use and cost down.
One place patrons meet AI directly is CloudLibrary, so we were careful there. CloudLibrary recommendations, launched this year in the United States and Canada, offers a patron three titles available right away at key moments: viewing a title, returning one, or placing a hold. Every suggestion comes from what the library already owns, and each comes with a short explanation of why it was chosen. The feature draws on guidance from librarians and runs on a private AI system that works only with a book's title, author, and ISBN. It does not track patron behavior or learn from anyone's borrowing history, and libraries can turn it on as an optional update.
One commitment sits above the rest. Library trust is to be protected, and that has shaped some of our hardest decisions. When big social media and technology conglomerates asked for holdings data they intended to mine and resell to the community, we declined.
AI at a glance
- Machine learning swept all of WorldCat for duplicates in about two weeks at 99.9% precision, ground that earlier methods needed years to cover.
- Optical character recognition in Article Exchange reads more than 150 languages and scripts with no configuration from library staff, so interlibrary loan materials reach screen readers automatically. It has processed more than 20.6 million pages in 71 languages.
- Early pilots using open-source language models to generate subject terms from article abstracts raised use of those materials by more than 50%.
- More than 1,500 catalogers from 113 countries joined our February Cataloging Community Meeting to hear colleagues describe responsible AI use, and OCLC Research's four-part series on AI in metadata workflows was our most-read of the year.
Strengthening: looking after what we build together
A library serves everyone who walks in and does not judge. That promise has never been easy to fund, and libraries are being asked to do more of it. They are fielding questions about AI, protecting patron privacy, meeting accessibility requirements, and proving their value to funders, with tight staffing and technology bills that keep climbing. We see those pressures from every side, because we serve libraries of every kind in more than 100 countries, and our conversations with librarians are as often about funding and staffing as about technology. Most of what we do for you happens where nobody sees it. The record corrected before a patron found the error, the request routed to a library that could fill it in minutes, the system that was up at three in the morning: that is the work, and the numbers below are the part we can show you.
WorldCat is built from the contributions of thousands of libraries, publishers, and other partners, and libraries remain at its heart. It now holds 627.8 million bibliographic records and 3.6 billion holdings, and people searched it 14.8 billion times this year. Its e-resource content includes 141 million open access items, and better labeling in WorldCat Discovery raised the number of articles marked as open by 22%. We keep investing in the tools that let libraries create and manage records, and we host and secure the system. Working together, OCLC staff and the library community improved millions of WorldCat records, a scale no single institution could reach alone.
“Our conversations with librarians are as often about funding and staffing as about technology. Most of what we do for you happens where nobody sees it. The record corrected before a patron found the error, the request routed to a library that could fill it in minutes, the system that was up at three in the morning.”
Our work reaches well beyond one region. WorldShare Management Services grew to 878 libraries in 34 countries, from Armenia to South Africa to Italy. CloudLibrary now serves more than 700 public libraries in six countries, with streaming video newly launched in Australia and New Zealand. OCLC Wise runs 106 of the 130 public library organizations in the Netherlands and all 293 in Flanders, and we provided the platform for the new shared catalog connecting research and university libraries across the island of Ireland.
Libraries pay for the services built on WorldCat, and we reinvest all our income in library products, services, research, and programs, including $28.4 million in research and development this year. That reinvestment also helps pay for work no single library could fund: research published freely for the whole field, professional development open to every library, and the shared infrastructure beneath it all.
Giving time back is one way we try to respect your budgets. Libraries exported 44 million records from WorldCat, saving an estimated 7.2 million staff hours that would otherwise have gone to original cataloging. Some of our work carries no charge. We added linked data identifiers to records at no cost, released Dewey in Spanish with a freely available base set of linked data, and 470 libraries used our streamlined holdings update service, also at no additional charge, to refresh 47 million holdings.
Looking after WorldCat also means defending it. It draws people who would take it without permission and repurpose it for their own gain. We keep strengthening our systems against harvesting every day to ensure that our systems remain available to libraries.
Trust also means being dependable. WorldShare availability held at 99.94% this year, and our support teams resolved more than 65,000 requests, with 98% of surveyed customers satisfied. Libraries ought to be able to count on the organizations that serve them to be here next year and the year after. We ended the year financially sound, and we manage our finances carefully because we are building an OCLC you can rely on for years to come, beyond any single budget cycle. That long view also means we cannot say yes to everything requested. Staying sustainable is how we stay here for you.
Connecting: a community with a voice
OCLC began on a simple belief: libraries accomplish more together than any of them can alone. Today we are a nonprofit with a public purpose: to connect people and communities to information and to help share the collective knowledge of humanity. Libraries are the reason that work exists, and library leaders have a voice in how we pursue it. This year we completed the move to a smaller Leaders Council of 19 library leaders, focused on strategy, who advise us and elect six members of our Board of Trustees. In their meetings with our Board and executives, they took up the changing political, economic, and technological environment, including AI. Keith Webster of Carnegie Mellon University Libraries joined our Board of Trustees in 2025 as the first trustee chosen by the Council, and Mark Roosa of Pepperdine University and Helen Thomas of Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha | University of Canterbury will join him in 2026.
“OCLC began on a simple belief: libraries accomplish more together than any of them can alone. Today we are a nonprofit with a public purpose: to connect people and communities to information and to help share the collective knowledge of humanity. … Cooperation is what OCLC is built on.”
The same purpose shapes programs that earn little or no revenue. WebJunction, our professional development program, is free and open to every library, with support from state libraries in 30 states. This year more than 27,000 learners made over 77,000 course enrollments. Six new Library Foundational Training courses, developed with the Idaho Commission for Libraries, give staff and volunteers in the smallest libraries a practical grounding in the profession. With IREX and the Urban Libraries Council we built a hub of resources for libraries that bring communities together across differences, and with the University of Washington's Center for an Informed Public we helped library staff guide patrons through misinformation.
Cooperation is what OCLC is built on. Library staff contribute records, serve on committees and advisory groups, take seats on the Leaders Council, and tell us plainly when we have something wrong. Our trustees give their time to oversee our public purpose. Others may borrow parts of that model, but a network built over decades by the people it serves, for a purpose beyond profit, is not easily copied. To the library colleagues, councilors, and trustees who make it work, thank you.
Behind all of it are my colleagues at OCLC, who build, support, and continually improve these services every day. Thank you. Computerworld again named OCLC one of the Best Places to Work in IT, and I am proud of what that says about this team.
Looking ahead
The work in this report continues. We will keep AI human-led and explained in plain terms, keep looking for ways to give staff time back, keep your costs in view while technology prices rise for everyone, and keep library leaders closely involved in guiding OCLC.
Many of the library leaders I talk with have moved past whether to engage with AI. Their question now is whom to trust as they do. We intend to keep earning that trust one decision at a time, and I hope you will tell us when we fall short. If you want to know how any AI feature in your OCLC services works, ask us. We invite conversation and your questions.
Thank you for the trust you place in OCLC. We work every day to earn it.

Skip Prichard
OCLC President and Chief Executive Officer