Searching Tips for OCLC Z39.50 Cataloging

Introduction

This document provides information about searching for library staff who help plan the configuration of the library's Z39.50 client. It also helps those who train or supervise staff who will use the OCLC Z39.50 Cataloging service.

For OCLC Z39.50 Cataloging, searching methods are determined by the capabilities of the OCLC server and by the implementation of the capabilities in your library's local system client. For example, the server makes several indexes available for searching. The library decides which indexes its client will support and how staff will use them.

The Z39.50 Configuration Guide for OCLC Z39.50 Cataloging also contains information about the server's searching capabilities.

For information describing MARC record structure, character sets, and exchange media formatting, see OCLC-MARC Records .

SCIPIO: Art and Rare Book Sales Catalog. This database is the only online union catalog of auction catalog records in existence. These records have been loaded into WorldCat. To search for only SCIPIO records, just search as you normally would and add the Authentication Code index with “scipio” to your search.

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General Search Tips

Databases available

In addition to OLUCWorldCat, you can use the OCLC Z39.50 Cataloging service to search these OCLC databases:

Database	More information
OCLCAuthoritiesLC	Searching Tips for OCLC Z39.50 Authorities
OCLCInstitutionRecords	Searching Tips for OCLC Z39.50 Institution Records

Depending upon your client, separate sessions may be required for each database.

Indexes available

The indexes provided by the server are listed in the section below about MARC fields and subfields indexed.

Word and phrase indexes

Most indexes in OCLC Z39.50 Cataloging are word or phrase indexes. The following examples highlight the differences between them:

To search for the title Baffled, but not beaten, or, Nick Carter's fight for life in a phrase index, you must enter the entire title: baffled but not beaten or nick carters fight for life. Your search finds only records containing that specific title.

In a word index you enter one-or-more words from the title, for example, you might enter baffled and beaten. Your search finds the records containing the title Baffled, but not beaten, or, Nick Carter's fight for life and it also finds other records containing baffled and beaten.
To search for the title Emma in a phrase index, you enter emma. Your search finds only records containing that one-word title.

In a word index, if you enter emma, your search finds all records containing emma anywhere in the title.

Index browsing

The OCLC server supports the Z39.50 Scan Service capability. If your client supports that capability, you can browse indexes to view a list of the words or phrases included. When you want to use a phrase index, OCLC recommends browsing it first to verify the phrase before searching.

Stopwords

In word indexes. Stopwords (listed below) are words that are not included in word indexes because they occur frequently and do not add to the content of the indexes. Exclude stopwords from searches in word indexes. If you include a stopword in a word index search, the server returns an error message.

In phrase indexes. Include stopwords in searches of phrase indexes. However, exclude a, an, or the when it is the first word of a title.

a	for	in	she	was
an	from	into	so	were
and	had	is	than	when
are	has	it	that	which
as	have	its	the	with
at	he	not	their	would
be	her	of	there	you
but	his	on	this
by	if	or	to

Punctuation and symbols

Include the following letters, digits, punctuation marks, and symbols in searches:

Letters, a-z
Digits, 0-9
- (hyphen) within words
& (ampersand) within words

You do not need to capitalize names or other proper nouns in searches. All letters are treated as lowercase whether you enter them as lowercase or uppercase.

Exclude hyphens when they are preceded and followed by blank spaces. Include them within words, such as high-energy. Search for hyphenated words in various ways. For example: post operative, post-operative, postoperative.

When an ampersand (&) is preceded and followed by blank spaces, exclude it in word indexes but include it in phrase indexes. Include ampersands within words in word or phrase indexes. For example, enter at&t.

Substitute a space for a / (slash). For example, enter men women instead of men/women.

Exclude other punctuation marks and symbols. Do not substitute a space for them. For example, to search for O'Hara, enter ohara.

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Index-Specific Search Tips

ISSN, ISBN, LCCN

When searching for International Standard Serial Numbers (ISSNs), International Standard Book Numbers (ISBNs), and Library of Congress Control Numbers (LCCNs), use thefollowing rules:

Enter an ISSN with a hyphen. For example, to search for ISSN 0043-5651, enter: 0043-5651
Enter an ISBN without hyphens. For example, to search for ISBN 0-316-08275-9, enter: 0316082759
Enter an LCCN as an eight- or ten-digit number without a hyphen. The first two or four (beginning 2001) digits represent the year; the remainder of the number has six digits including leading zeros. For example:
- to search for the LCCN 86-3211, enter: 86003211
- to search for the LCCN 2001-33918, enter: 2001033918

Music Number

Music number searching has been normalized. Data is concatenated up to parentheses, periods and dashes ( “ab(123)”, “ ab.123” and “ab-123” are all searchable as “ab123”). Each music number up to a comma is indexed alone. All letters of your search term are significant and should be included. The maximum number of valid numbers per record is 20.

Dewey Decimal Classification

Dewey Decimal classification indexes use only the subject portion of the call numbers assigned. Decimal points are retained. Concatenate all spaces and ignore all punctuations except periods.

For example, to search for the subject Manned space flight, enter: 629.45.

Library of Congress Classification

Library of Congress classification indexes use only the subject portion of the call numbers assigned. Zero ranging has been eliminated. Only subfield a of the classification number is searchable. For example “ QA74.M7” can now only be accessed under “ QA74”.

Government Document Number

Delete all punctuation and spaces to search government document numbers.

For example, to search for Y 4.P 96/10:N 81 d, enter: y4p9610n81d

Subject heading phrase

Each part of a subject heading is indexed as a separate phrase. For example, Ireland--History--Civil War, 1922-1923 is indexed as the following phrases:

ireland
history
civil war 1922-1923

Right truncation is supported for subject heading phrases.

Title phrase

Omit initial articles ( a, an, the, and the non-English equivalents) from your title search.

The title and subtitle (subfields a and b of the 245 field) are combined and indexed as a single phrase. For example, Around the majors in 60 days : my baseball dream is indexed as around the majors in 60 days my baseball dream. Because right truncation is supported for title phrases, you can enter around the majors to search for this title and others that begin around the majors, if right truncation is set.

If your client supports the Z39.50 Scan Service, you can browse indexes to view a list of the words or phrases included. OCLC recommends browsing the title phrase index before searching to verify the phrase to use.

Authors names in phrase indexes

When searching a subject phrase index for records describing materials about an author (or any person), enter the last name first and then the first name. Do not enter a comma after the last name.

When searching an author phrase index for records describing materials by an author, enter the last name first, a comma, and then the first name.

If your client supports the Z39.50 Scan Service, you can browse indexes to view a list of the words or phrases included. OCLC recommends browsing the author phrase index before searching to verify the phrase to use.

When you browse an author phrase index, last names that begin with the same word are listed in the following order:

Two-word unhyphenated last names.
Two-word hyphenated last names.
Single-word last names.

For example, the following names would appear in the order shown below:

lloyd weber, andrew
lloyd-jones, charles
lloyd, alan

Date of Sale (SCIPIO only)

You can enter a date of sale as a single day (month-day-year or month-year) or as a date range.

Single day: Enter April 15, 2005 as 04152005 or

Single month: Enter April, 2005 as 042005
Date range. Enter any date within the range. Given a record representing a sale held from June 25, 1955 to July 9, 1955, users should be able to enter:

Date range: 06291955 (June 29, 1955) or 06301955-07311955 (June 30-July 3, 1955)

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OCLC Institution Records

OCLC Institution Records are records acquired from other cataloging systems (initially RLG Union Catalog bibliographic records from the Research Libraries Information Network). An institution record preserves a specific institution's MARC bibliographic description for a specific library item. Unlike WorldCat master records, a given item may have multiple independent institution records associated or attached to it.

Institution Records are stored in the OCLCInstitutionRecord database, and can be accessed via their Institution Record Numbers. These numbers are found within one or more 952 fields in a WorldCat master record. However, when searching WorldCat, information stored in attached Institution Records is searched as well.

Example record set

These four records are used in the search example below. Fields may have a different overall appearance in your particular Z39.50 client. Some fields are not shown to save space.

OCLC Master record. The WorldCat record is OCLC 00000079, Cubism and abstract art by the Museum of Modern Art..

010:__ {a}   66026123  040:__ {a}DLC {c}DLC {d}VRC {d}BAKER {d}XMA {d}BTCTA                                              035:__ {a}(OCoLC)79 {z}(OCoLC)1448571 050:10 {a}N6494 {b}.C8  082:00 {a}709.04 110:2_ {a}Museum of Modern Art (New York, N.Y.)                                             245:10 {a}Cubism and abstract art, {c}by Alfred H. Barr, Jr. 250:__ {a}Reprint ed. 260:__ {a}New York, {b}Published for the Museum of Modern Art by Arno Press, {c}1966 [c1936] 300:__ {a}249 p. {b}illus. {c}27 cm.504:__ {a}Bibliography: p. 234-249.                                              650:_0 {a}Cubism 650:_0 {a}Art, Abstract700:10 {a}Barr, Alfred Hamilton, {d}1902-1981.                                             952:__ {a}79 {z}DLC {b}LIBRARY OF CONGRESS {h}Full {i}LCC {k}DDC {t}Contents {u}20070510 952:__ {a}124708158 {z}AS0 {b}AMON CARTER MUS LIBR {h}Full {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070512 952:__ {a}125636115 {z}MMX {b}MUSEUM OF MODERN ART, THE {h}Other {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070512 952:__ {a}126896754 {z}UVV {b}FASHION INST OF TECH LIBR {h}Full; not ex. {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070514 952:__ {a}130417433 {z}YUS {b}YALE UNIV LIBR {h}Full {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070518

Institution Records.

Amon Carter Museum Library (AS0)

010:__ {a}   66026123  040:__ {a}AS0 {c}AS0                                                         035:__ {a}(OCoLC)124708158 035:__ {a}(CStRLIN)TXAM92-B2964  050:0_ {a}N6494 {b}.C8  079:__ {a}ocm00000079 {z}ocm01448571  090:__ {a}N6494.C8 {b}M87 110:2_ {a}Museum of Modern Art (New York, N.Y.)                                                         245:10 {a}Cubism and abstract art, {c}by Alfred H. Barr, Jr.250:__ {a}Reprint ed.  260:__ {a}New York, {b}Published for the Museum of Modern Art by Arno Press, {c}1966 [c1936] 300:__ {a}249 p. {b}illus. {c}27 cm. 500:__ {a}Includes catalog of an exhibition.504:__ {a}Bibliography: p. 234-249.                                                          650:_0 {a}Cubism. 650:_0 {a}Art, Abstract. 650:_0 {a}Art, Modern {y}20th century.                                                        952:__ {a}79 {z}DLC {b}LIBRARY OF CONGRESS {h}Full {i}LCC {k}DDC {t}Contents {u}20070510 952:__ {a}124708158 {z}AS0 {b}AMON CARTER MUS LIBR {h}Full {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070512 952:__ {a}125636115 {z}MMX {b}MUSEUM OF MODERN ART, THE {h}Other {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070512 952:__ {a}126896754 {z}UVV {b}FASHION INST OF TECH LIBR {h}Full; not ex. {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070514 952:__ {a}130417433 {z}YUS {b}YALE UNIV LIBR {h}Full {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070518

Museum of Modern Art(MMX)

010:__ {a}   66026123    040:__ {a}MMX {c}MMX                                                         035:__ {a}(OCoLC)125636115 035:__ {a}(NNMoMA)19497  035:__ {a}(CStRLIN)NYMX86-B7621  050:14 {a}N6494 {b}.C8 079:__ {a}ocm00000079 {z}ocm01448571                                                          245:00 {a}Cubism and abstract art, {c}by Alfred H. Barr, Jr.  250:__ {a}Reprint ed.260:__ {a}New York, {b}Published for the Museum of Modern Art by Arno Press, {c}1966 [c1936]300:__ {a}249 p. {b}illus. {c}27 cm. 500:__ {a}Includes catalog of an exhibition.  500:__ {a}The reproductions are in black and white. 700:1_ {a}Barr, Alfred Hamilton, {d}1902-1981.                                                         650:_0 {a}Cubism. 650:_0 {a}Art, Abstract.                                                         952:__ {a}79 {z}DLC {b}LIBRARY OF CONGRESS {h}Full {i}LCC {k}DDC {t}Contents {u}20070510 952:__ {a}124708158 {z}AS0 {b}AMON CARTER MUS LIBR {h}Full {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070512 952:__ {a}125636115 {z}MMX {b}MUSEUM OF MODERN ART, THE {h}Other {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070512 952:__ {a}126896754 {z}UVV {b}FASHION INST OF TECH LIBR {h}Full; not ex. {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070514 952:__ {a}130417433 {z}YUS {b}YALE UNIV LIBR {h}Full {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070518

Fashion Institute of Technology Library (UVV)

010:__ {a}   66026123  040:__ {a}UVV {c}UVV                                                         035:__ {a}(OCoLC)126896754035:__ {a}(CStRLIN)NYFA88-B9176 050:1_ {a}N6494 {b}.C8 079:__ {a}ocm00000079 {z}ocm01448571  082:__ {a}709.4 110:2_ {a}Museum of Modern Art (New York, N.Y.)                                                         245:10 {a}Cubism and abstract art, {c}by Alfred H. Barr, Jr. 250:__ {a}Reprint ed.                                                        

260:__ {a}New York : {b}Published for the Museum of Modern Art by Arno Press, {c}1966 [c1936] 300:__ {a}249 p. {b}illus. {c}27 cm. 500:__ {a}Includes catalog of an exhibition. 504:__ {a}Bibliography: p. 234-249.                                                         650:_0 {a}Cubism. 650:_0 {a}Art, Abstract.                                                        952:__ {a}79 {z}DLC {b}LIBRARY OF CONGRESS {h}Full {i}LCC {k}DDC {t}Contents {u}20070510 952:__ {a}124708158 {z}AS0 {b}AMON CARTER MUS LIBR {h}Full {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070512 952:__ {a}125636115 {z}MMX {b}MUSEUM OF MODERN ART, THE {h}Other {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070512 952:__ {a}126896754 {z}UVV {b}FASHION INST OF TECH LIBR {h}Full; not ex. {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070514 952:__ {a}130417433 {z}YUS {b}YALE UNIV LIBR {h}Full {i}LCC {k}DDC {u}20070518

Search example

If a subject search is performed with the search text cubism, OCLC 00000079, Cubism and abstract art , is retrieved because the OCLC master record (as well as all of the Institution Records) contains the 650 heading Cubism.

If a subject search is performed with the search text art, modern , OCLC 00000079, Cubism and abstract art, is still retrieved because the attached (and searched) Institution Record for the Amon Carter Musuem Library contains the 690 heading Art,Modern -- 20th century .

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MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed

Keyword	Government Number	Other Subject Headings
Access Method	Individual Auctioneer's Name (SCIPIO only)	Personal Name
Access Restrictions	ISBN	Physical Description
Action Note	ISSN	Place of Publication
Auction House Name (SCIPIO only)	ISSN-L	Place of Sale (SCIPIO only)
Authentication Code	Language Index Restrictor	Publisher
Author Keyword	Language of Cataloging Description	Report Number
Author Phrase	LC Children's Literature Subject Headings	RVM
Cataloging Source	LC Classification	Sale Code (SCIPIO only)
Character Sets	LC Subject Headings	Sears Subject Headings
Citation Index (SCIPIO only)	LCCN	Series Title
Collection Level	Library and Archive Canada Classification	Standard Number
Collector or Seller Name(s) (SCIPIO only)	Library and Archives Canada Subject Headings	Subject All
Cooperative Programs	Material Type Restrictor	Subject Headings
Corporate & Conference Name	MESH Subject Headings	System Control Number
Country of Publication	Music Number	Title Key
Date Created as MARC	Musical Composition Restrictor	Title Keyword
Date of Sale (SCIPIO only)	NAL Classification	Title Phrase
Description Conventions	NAL Subject Headings	UDC
Descriptor	Named Conference & Corporation	Uniform Title
Dewey Decimal	Named Person	Update Date
Dewey Decimal Edition (d2)	National Bibliography Number	Vendor Information
Document Type Restrictor	NLM Classification	Year of Publication (Date 1)
Entity Attributes	Notes	Year of Publication (Date 2)
General Call Number	OCLC Accession Number
Genre/Form	Other Class Number
Geographic Coverage	Other Format

Note: The Update Date does not display in the record. The 005 field displays the current date and time.

Introduction

For each index, the table below lists the combinations of Use and Structure attributes used to access the index through the OCLC Z39.50 server. The table also lists the MARC fields and subfields covered by the index. Where "word" is valid as a structure attribute, "word list" is valid as well.

Please note that WorldCat indexing does not directly follow the Bib-1 attribute set and there may be local differences between what OCLC has mapped and the Bib-1 attribute set available on the Library of Congress Z39.50 Maintenance Agency Page.

OCLC provides a Test Server to assist users and system vendors with Z39.50 client configuration.

Z39.50 Attribute Map for OCLC Z39.50 Cataloging Indexing

Keyword Index
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
1016/word 5110/word	Author keyword ¹ Title keyword ¹ Notes ¹ Subject ¹ Publisher ¹ Place of Publication ¹ 008 Date 1 008 Date 2 020/az 034/abdefgz3 052/ab 255/abcde 502/bcdgo 506/af 518/dop 530/bcd3 586/a	¹ These fields are fully described further down in this documentation.

Access Restrictions
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
5068/word, phrase	506/af

Action Note
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
5016/word	583/achil235

Auction House Name (SCIPIO only)
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
5060/word, phrase	110/a-enu

Authentication Code
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
6900/word, phrase	042/a

Author Phrase ^{1, 2}
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
1003/phrase 5003/phrase	100/abcdjq 110/abcdn 111/acdenq 700/abcdjq 710/abcdn 711/acdenq 720/a	¹The first comma in the phrase is retained in the search for data in the 100 and 700 fields used for personal names. In Author Phrase, the other corporate and conference authors do not retain any commas.
	790/abcdjq 791/abcdn 792/acdenq 796/abcdjq 797/abcdn 798/acdenq	² These indexes searched in OCLC Institution Records only

Cataloging Source
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
6119/phrase	040/ac

Character Sets
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
6111/word	066/c	Valid terms are: ara (Arabic) ben (Bengali) cjk (Chinese, Japanese, and Korean) cyr (Cyrillic) dev (Devanagari) gre (Greek) hbr (Hebrew) tam (Tamil) tha (Thai)

Citation Index (former Lugt/Lancour) [SCIPIO only]
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
5940/word, phrase	510/ac

Collection Level
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
5999/word	773/w 810/w 811/w 830/w

Collector or Seller Name(s) (SCIPIO only)
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
5063/word, phrase	600/a-djq 653/a 696/a-djq

Entity Attributes
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
6112/word, phrase	046/kl 340/abcdefhijkmno 344/abcdefgh 345/ab 346/ab 347/abce 377/al 380/a 381/a 382/abdpv 383/abcde 384/a

Country of Publication
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
6104/word, phrase	008/15-17 044/ac

Date of Sale (SCIPIO only)
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
1145/word, date	033/a

Description Conventions
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
5067/word	040/e

Descriptor ¹
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
5650/word,phrase	600/x 610/x 611/x 630/x 650/abx 651/x 653/a if the 2nd indicator is 0 655/x
	690/abx 691/x 696/x 697/x 698/x 699/x	¹ These indexes searched in OCLC Institution Records only

Dewey Decimal Edition (d2)
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
6100/word	082/2 092/2

General Call Number (OCLC Institution Records only)
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
5017/word, phrase	852/hij

Genre/Form ¹
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
5655/word, phrase	655/abv 600/v 610/v 611/v 630/v 650/v 651/v 653/a if the 2nd indicator is 6
	690/v 691/v 696/v 697/v 698/v 699/v	¹ These indexes searched in OCLC Institution Records only

Geographic Coverage ^{1, 2}
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
58/word, phrase	043/a ¹ 651/az 600/z 610/z 611/z 630/z 650/z 653/a if the 2nd indicator is 5 655/z	¹ 043/a is indexed as the English terms represented by the codes.

Government Number
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
50/word	074/a 086/az

Individual Auctioneer's Name (SCIPIO only)
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
5039/word, phrase	700/a-djqu 796/a-djqu

Documentation

Searching Tips for OCLC Z39.50 Cataloging

Introduction

General Search Tips

Databases available

Indexes available

Word and phrase indexes

Index browsing

Stopwords

Punctuation and symbols

Index-Specific Search Tips

ISSN, ISBN, LCCN

Music Number

Dewey Decimal Classification

Library of Congress Classification

Government Document Number

Subject heading phrase

Title phrase

Authors names in phrase indexes

Date of Sale (SCIPIO only)

OCLC Institution Records

Example record set

Search example

MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed

Introduction

Z39.50 Attribute Map for OCLC Z39.50 Cataloging Indexing

Holdings

Default holdings.

948 Fields.

Non-Latin Scripts

MARC-8 Note

ISBN
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
7/word, phrase	020/az

ISSN
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
8/word, phrase	022/ayz

ISSN-L
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
5558/word, phrase	022/lm

Language of Cataloging Description
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
1183/word	040/b

LC Classification
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
16/word, phrase	050/ad 055/a 090/a 695/a if the 2nd indicator is 0	No zero fillers. Not rangeable. All punctuation except periods ignored .

LCCN
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
9/phrase	010/abz

Library and Archive Canada Classification
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
5055/word	055/a	No zero fillers. Not rangeable. All punctuation except periods ignored.

Material Type Restrictor
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
1031/word, phrase	945/mnpq	Based on information in the Leader, 006, 007, 008, and looking for terms in specific parts of the record

Music Number
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
51/word, phrase	028/a ¹ 262/c	¹ Music number standardized

Musical Composition Restrictor
Use/Structure Attrib.	MARC Fields and Subfields Indexed
5847/word, phrase	006/01-02 if the 006/00 is c, d, i, j 008/18-19 if the Leader/06 is c, d, i, j 047/a