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Searching WorldCat IndexesScopePurposeThis guide provides comprehensive information about indexes used to retrieve records from WorldCat. OCLC services, including cataloging, reference, and resource sharing, use the same search indexes. Interfaces for searching WorldCat include:
This guide shows MARC fields and subfields indexed for each WorldCat index, gives examples, and provides information about how each index works to help construct searches that retrieve the records you need. Please note: Connexion and FirstSearch support the following non-Latin/non-roman scripts: Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Devanagari, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Tamil and Thai. Many WorldCat indexes support both Latin script and non-Latin script search terms. In "WorldCat index descriptions," each description notes whether that index supports non-Latin script search terms. Who should use this guide?This guide is for library staff who use the OCLC interfaces listed above to search WorldCat. It is not meant for end-user patrons of libraries who have public access to WorldCat through FirstSearch or Resource Sharing. Neither is this guide for users of OCLC Z39.50 access to cataloging and to FirstSearch. Those who use Z39.50 configure their own search indexes when they configure their individual local Z39.50 client. See information at: Interface-specific instructions for WorldCat searchingThis guide does not give instructions on how to use specific interfaces for searching. For interface-specific search procedures, consult the following documention:
Levels of searching and examples in this guideTo give flexibility in search strategy and control over the results, OCLC search interfaces provide various levels of searching, from simplified to complex. The most complex search level requires knowledge of full search syntax–all parts of a search in correct order and format, including index labels and punctuation, search terms, Boolean operators, and qualifiers. Examples of complex search levels: An "expert" search in FirstSearch or a "command line" search in Connexion. Interfaces also provide less complex levels of searching where you use text boxes and drop-down lists to enter or select the parts of the search. The interface automatically formulates the correct search syntax when you send the search to the OCLC system. Examples of less complex search levels: A "basic" search in FirstSearch/Resource Sharing or CatExpress or a "guided" search in Connexion. Note: Not all indexes are listed in drop-down lists in searching interfaces. If an index is not a selection in a drop-down list:
Examples of searches in this guide are given in full search syntax (most complex format). From full syntax examples, you can extrapolate the parts of a search you would enter or select in boxes and lists to construct a basic or guided form of the search. Caution. Although constructed as "real" WorldCat searches that produce actual results, the examples in this guide can only illustrate the principles of searching. Over time, results of running a search example may change. Because of the dynamic nature of WorldCat, search examples used here may no longer retrieve records or may retrieve too many records. back to topWorldCat index descriptionsIndex tablesEach WorldCat index is described in alphabetical order in a separate table in this section. Some indexes include word, phrase (complete subfield), or whole phrase (complete field) versions, or a combination of these. See "Types of searches" for a detailed explanation of word, phrase, and whole phrase indexing. Note: Most whole phrase indexes are available only in Connexion. The only whole phrase index available in FirstSearch and Resource Sharing is the Subject heading index (use index label sa=). For various views of the scope of WorldCat indexing, see also "List of fields and subfields indexed in tag order" and "Search index check lists." Each index description in this section has the following information:
Notes:
Non-Latin/non-roman scripts in searchesThe Connexion client and FirstSearch interfaces support non-Latin script search terms. The many WorldCat indexes that support both Latin script and non-Latin script searching are noted in the individual descriptions. The following scripts are supported: Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Devanagari, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Tamil and Thai. Qualifier indexesIn Connexion only, some values and codes for qualifying searches can be entered by simply preceding with a slash instead of an index label and colon (:) or equal sign (=). Slash qualifiers are available in FirstSearch WorldCat or WorldCat Resource Sharing for derived searches only. Keyword search examples in this section that include qualifiers are shown with index labels only, so that they illustrate WorldCat searching in all interfaces. See "Combine, qualify, expand searches" for details and examples of using slash qualifiers in Connexion. Indexing for bibliographic institution records (IRs)About IRs. Institution records are contributed by individual libraries whose authorizations include IRs. They are intended to preserve local library notes, locations, and other data which may be of general interest. They are attached to WorldCat master records. Indexing for IRs. Additional fields/subfields have been added to existing WorldCat indexes that retrieve master records with attached IRs based on unique data in the IRs. Three new indexes cover IRs only:
IR fields and subfields indexed. The new IR-specific indexes and additional fields/subfields for IRs are not described or included in this document. See IR indexing details. Retrieving IRs in Connexion. You must set an option to include IR indexes in WorldCat searches (for example, in Connexion client, click Cataloging > Search > WorldCat and then click Settings). WorldCat search results include only the master records to which IRs are attached. You can display attached IR(s) from a master record. When the IR index option is set, your search includes the fields and subfields of both master records and attached IRs for the index you specify. However, the search retrieves only worldcat master records with data that matches the search and any master records that have IRs with unique data that matches the search. You cannot retrieve IRs directly from a WorldCat search, but you can display them from a master record. To view IRs attached to retrieved master records in Connexion client:
If you are authorized to work with IRs, you can create and add, edit and replace, or delete your own institution records only. However, anyone can copy and paste, export, or print IRs. Also, anyone can view IRs attached to retrieved master records without setting the option to include IR indexes in WorldCat searches. Retrieving IRs in FirstSearch. You can retrieve and view IRs only if your authorization has been set for IRs using the FirstSearch administration module. To view IRs:
Comprehensive information on IRs:
Access method
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| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | am: | 031 u |
Example: |
| Phrase | am= |
Examples: |
Access restrictions
(rs: or rs=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | rs: | 506 a f |
Examples: |
| Phrase | rs= |
Action note (io:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | io: | 583 a c h i l 2 3 5 |
Example: io:digitized/1965 |
Authentication code (ac=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phrase | ac= | 042 a |
|
BC year (bc:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | bc: | 046 b d |
Example: su:babylonia and bc:500 |
Canadian class number (ca:)
Library and Archives Canada (symbol NLC)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | ca: | 055 a |
Example: ca:s592.6c35 |
Canadian subject (he: or he= or hew=)
Library and Archives Canada (symbol NLC)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | he: | The following 6xx fields with indicator 2 = 5: 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z 648 a v x-z 650 a b v x-z 651 a v x-z 654 a b v x-z 655 a b v x-z |
Examples: he:explorers hew=childrens writings canadian |
| Phrase | he= | ||
| Whole phrase | hew= |
Cataloging source* (cs=)
*Qualifer index
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| OCLC institution symbol | cs= | 040 a c For institution records: Symbols in the Admin field |
Example: Note on Library of Congress records: To retrieve records contributed by the Library of Congress or by specific LC cooperative programs, use Cooperative programs index (dl:) with value y (dl:y). |
Character sets present (vp:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Character set symbol | vp: | Records are retrieved based on the following data:
066 c (3 066 c (4 066 c $1 066 c (N 066 c (Q 066 c Deva 066 c (2 066 c Taml 066 c Thai |
Example: To view Cyrillic records for items published in 1985 Type vp:cyr and yr:1985 |
Collection level (oc:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | oc: | 773 w |
Example: oc:ocolc3018134 |
Cooperative programs* (dl:)
*Qualifier index
Also called the "DLC restrictor" or "Source" index.
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Code or value for Library of Congress/specific LC cooperative programs as cataloging source | dl: | Records are retrieved if they contain the data below 008 Srce c 040 c DLC 040 a DLC 040 a DLC/other data 040 a Other data/DLC 042 a lcderive 042 a lccopycat 042 a lccopycat-nm 042 a lcode 042 a pcc 042 a lcnccp 042 a premarc 042 a lcac 042 a lc 042 a lcd 042 a msc 042 a nsdp 042 a nst |
Note: To retrieve records contributed by a specific library, use Cataloging Source phrase index (cs=) (see description above) and an OCLC-assigned institution symbol. |
Corporate/Conference name (cn: or cn= or cnw=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | cn: | 110 a-e n u 111 a c d e n q u 710 a-e n 711 a c d e n q |
Example: |
| Phrase | cn= | 110 a-d n 111 a c d e n q 710 a-d n 711 a c d e n q |
Examples: |
| For word and phrase indexes (cn: and cn=): This index includes more fields that are only found in institution records (IRs). See IR indexing information. | |||
| Whole phrase | cnw= | 110 a-d n 111 a c d e n q 710 a-d n (d n are included only if they occur left of first subfield t or k) 711 a c d e n q (n is included only if it occurs left of first subfield t or k) |
Example: |
Corporate/Conference subject (nc: or nc= or ncw=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | nc: | 610 a-c d n p 611 a c d e n p q 653 a (if indicator 2 = 2 or 3) |
Example: ncw=orthodox eastern church/rec |
| Phrase | nc= | ||
| Whole phrase | ncw= |
Country of publication (cp: or cp=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Country code or name | cp: | 008 15-17 044 a c |
|
| Phrase | cp= |
Derived:
Corporate/Conference name (cd:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Derived parts of a corporate/conference name separated by commas in the following pattern:
4,3,1 |
cd: | 110 a b 111 a n 710 a b 711 a n |
Example: To search for Harvard University |
Derived: Name/Title (nd:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Derived part of a name and title separated by commas in the following pattern:
4,4 |
nd: | 100 a with 240 a
100 a with 243 a |
Example: To search for author Williams, Heathcote and title The local stagmatic (non-filing indicator 2 = 4) Type nd:will,loca or will,loca |
Derived: Personal name (pd:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Derived parts of a personal name separated by commas in the following pattern:
4,3,1 |
pd: | 100 a b c j 700 a b c j |
Examples: To search for Everett, Lucretia Orne Peabody Type pd:ever,luc,o or ever,luc,o To search for Van Buren, Martin Type pd:vanb,mar, or vanb,mar, To search for White Bull To search for Philip II, King of Spain Type pd:phil,ii,k |
Derived: Title (td:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Derived parts of a title separated by commas in the following pattern:
3,2,2,1 |
td: | 130 a n p 222 a b 240 a b n 243 a n p 245 a f k n p 246 a n p 247 a n p 440 a n p 490 a 730 a n p 740 a n p 780 t 785 t 830 a n p |
Examples: To search for The adventures of huckleberry finn (non-filing indicator 2 = 4) Type td:adv,of,hu,f or adv,of,hu,f To search for title Jazziz on disc with April 2005 in subfield n |
Descriptors (de: or de=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | de: | 600 x 610 x 611 x 630 x 648 x 650 a b x 651 x 653 a (if indicator 2 = 0) 654 x 655 x |
Example: |
| Phrase | de= |
Dewey Decimal class number (dd:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | dd: | 082 a 092 a 695 a (if indicator 2 = 1) |
Example: |
Dewey Decimal edition number (d2:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | d2: | 082 2 092 2 |
Example: d2:22 |
Format/Document type (dt=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Format/Document Type code | dt= | Presence of both Leader/06 (Type) and Leader/07 (BLvl) |
Note: If you use a guided or advanced/expert search, selecting indexes and other parts of a search rather than typing a full syntax search:
|
Genre/Form (ge: or ge=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | ge: | 600 v 610 v 611 v 630 v 648 v 650 v 651 v 653 a (if indicator 2 = 6) 654 v 655 a b v |
Examples: ge:novel ge=spanish literature |
| Phrase | ge= |
Geographic coverage (gc: or gc=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | gc: | 043 a c 600 z 610 z 611 z 630 z 648 z 650 z 651 a z 653 a (if indicator 2 = 5) 654 z 655 z |
Example: |
| Phrase | gc= |
Government document number (gn:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | gn: | 074 a 086 a z |
Example: To search for NAS 1.2:SP1/46 Type gn:nas12sp146 |
Holding library* (li:)
*Qualifier index
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Holding library symbol | li: | Holdings information |
Example: To find The Chicago Manual of Style held by the OCLC Information Center Type: td:chi,ma,of,s and li:occ |
Holding library group* (zu:)
*Qualifier index
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Holding library group symbol | zu: | Holdings information |
|
Internet* (mt:)
*Qualifier index
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Value url | mt: | 856 (Presence or absence of 856 field as the source of cataloged item) |
Notes:
|
ISBN (bn: or bn=) (nb: or nb=)
ISBN = International Standard Book Number
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | Connexion: bn: FirstSearch WorldCat and WorldCat Resource Sharing: nb: |
020 a z |
Example: To search for 0-85109-130-x Type 085109130x or bn:085109130x (Connexion) Or |
| Phrase | Connexion: bn= FirstSearchWorldCat/WorldCat Resource Sharing: nb= |
ISSN (in: or in=) (ns: or ns=)
ISSN = International Standard Serial Number
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | Connexion: in: FirstSearch WorldCat and WorldCat Resource Sharing: ns: |
022 a y z |
Example: To search for 0018-165x |
| Phrase | Connexion: in= FirstSearch WorldCat and WorldCat Resource Sharing: ns= |
ISSN link (ik: or ik=)
ISSN = International Standard Serial Number
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | ik: | 022 l m |
Example: To search for 0264-2875 |
| Phrase | ik= |
Keyword (kw:)
System uses as default index if you omit an index label from a search.
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | kw: | Same fields and subfields as the following indexes:
In addition, indexes: |
Examples: kw:space and kw:aeronautics |
Language* (la: or la=) (ln:)
*Qualifer index
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2- or 3-letter code or language name |
la: ln: |
008/35-37 041 b d e f g 041 a (if indicator 1 = 0) 041 2 (if indicator 2 = 7) 041 j |
Note: When you do a guided search in Connexion or FirstSearch/Resource Sharing and select a language from a drop-down list, the system uses this la: or ln: word index. Examples: la:eng or la:english (Connexion) ln:eng or ln:english (FirstSearch and Resource Sharing) |
| 2- or 3-letter code | la= ln= |
008/35-37 Retrieves records based only on 008 language code |
Example: |
Note: Code zxx is a valid language code in records for items that have no associated language (for example, scores or sound recordings with no sung or spoken text)
Language of cataloging description (ll:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | ll: | 040 b |
Example: |
LC children's subject (hc: or hc= or hcw=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | hc: | The following 6xx fields (if indicator 2 = 1): 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z 648 a v x-z 650 a b v x-z 651 a v x-z 654 a b v x-z 655 a b v x-z |
Examples: |
| Phrase | hc= | ||
| Whole phrase | hcw= |
LC class number (lc: or lc=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | lc: |
050 a |
Example: lc:ps3515.e37 and yr:1999 |
| Phrase | lc= |
LCCN (ln: or ln=) (nl: or nl=)
LCCN = Library of Congress control number
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfiles indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | Connexion: ln: FirstSearch WorldCat and WorldCat Resource Sharing: nl: |
010 a b z |
Connexion examples: ln:2002-580246 or ln:2002580246 ln:^92-5625 or ln:^925625 nl:2002-580246 or nl:2002580246 nl:^92-5625 or nl:^925625 |
| Number phrase | Connexion only: ln= |
LCSH (hl: or hl= or hlw=)
LCSH = Library of Congress subject headings
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | hl: | The following 6xx fields (if indicator 2 = 0): 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z 648 a v x-z 650 a b v x-z 651 a v x-z 654 a b v x-z 655 a b v x-z |
Examples: hlw=fractions study and teaching* and yr:2000- |
| Phrase | hl= | ||
| Whole phrase | hlw= |
Local holdings (l7:, l2=, l3=, l4:, l5:, l6=, where l = lowercase "ell")
In the following table, LHR = local holdings record.
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Your holdings (word) | l7: (where l = lowercase "ell" throughout table) |
System checks for presence of your library's local holdings |
Example: ti:libraries and l7:yes |
| State or province abbreviation or name (phrase) | l2= | System checks for presence of local holdings of libraries in specified state or province |
Example: ti:libraries and l2="or" |
| City (phrase) | l3= | System checks for presence of local holdings of libraries in specified city |
Example: ti:libraries and l3="columbus oh" |
| OCLC institution symbol (word) | l4: | System checks for presence of local holdings by your library |
Example: ti:libraries and l4:ocl |
| OCLC group symbol (word) | l5: | System checks for presence of local holdings of libraries within a specified, profiled group |
Example: ti:libraries and l5:oglu |
| 4-character local holdings symbol (phrase) | l6= | System checks for presence of local holdings of library with specified 4-character symbol |
Example: ti:libraries and l6="oclc" |
See Find an OCLC Library to search for OCLC library symbols.
Material type* (mt: or mt=)
*Qualifier index
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3-character code or name See list of codes and names below, in alphabetic order by name. |
mt: | Values in Type (Leader/06), BLvl (Leader/07), Field 007, Field 008, other fields See "Format and material type values indexed," for a comprehensive list of values. |
Example: To find The sound of music in CD audio Type sou,of,mu, and mt:cda Or Type sou,of,mu, and mt=cd audio Notes:
|
| mt= |
|
Lists of material type codes and names
Enter the code or the corresponding name, as given in these lists, as the material type value in a search.
Universal material type codes (Includes Books (bks) and Mixed materials (mix))
| Code/Name | ||
|---|---|---|
| arc | Archival material | |
| acp | Article | |
| bio | Biography | |
| brl | Braille | |
| cnp | Conference publication | |
| elc | Electronic | |
| fic | Fiction | |
| gpb | Government publication (includes subsets below) | |
| igp | International government publication | |
| lgp | Local government publication | |
| ngp | National government publication | |
| sgp | State or province government publication | |
| juv | Juvenile (includes subsets below) | |
| shs | Adolescent | |
| jau | Juvenile (no specific age) | |
| ejh | Pre-adolescent | |
| pre | Preschool | |
| pri | Primary school | |
| lpt | Large print | |
| mss | Manuscript (includes text, music, and map manuscripts) | |
| mic | Microform (includes subsets below) | |
| mmc | Master microform | |
| mfc | Microfiche | |
| mfl | Microfilm | |
| mcd | Micro-opaque | |
| deg | Thesis/dissertation | |
| web | Web access | |
Computer files (com) (Includes all subset codes in this table)
| Code/Name | ||
|---|---|---|
| 312 | 3.5 in. disc | |
| 514 | 5.25 in. disc | |
| bdt | Bibliographic data | |
| cdc | CD for computer (also included in CD and CDs) | |
| cgm | Computer game | |
| cig | Clipart images graphics | |
| dct | Document | |
| fnt | Font | |
| imm | Interactive multimedia | |
| ndt | Numeric data | |
| oss | Online system or service | |
| pgm | Program | |
| snd | Sound effect | |
Continuing resources (cnr) (Includes all subset codes in this table)
| Code/Name | ||
|---|---|---|
| int | Integrating resources (also called Continual updated resources in FirstSearch/Resource Sharing) | |
| new | Newspaper (also included in Serials) | |
| per | Periodical (also included in Serials) | |
| ser | Serials | |
| mse | Series (also included in Serials) | |
| upd | Updating database (also included in Integrating resources) | |
| upl | Updating loose-leaf (also included in Integrating resources) | |
| upw | Updating website (also included in Integrating resources) | |
Maps, cartographic materials (map) (Includes all subset codes in this table)
| Code/Name | ||
|---|---|---|
| atl | Atlas | |
| cgl | Celestial globe | |
| egl | Earth globe | |
| gsc | Geological section | |
| glb | Globe | |
| mcm | Manuscript map | |
| mmp | Model map | |
| pgl | Planetary globe | |
| pcm | Published map | |
| rsi | Remote-sensing image | |
Musical scores (sco) (Includes both subset codes in this table)
| Code/Name | ||
|---|---|---|
| mmu | Manuscript music | |
| pmu | Published music | |
Sound recordings (rec) (Includes all subset codes in this table)
| Code/Name | ||
|---|---|---|
| msr | Musical recordings | |
| nsr | Non-musical recording | |
| Media types for sound recordings | ||
| 45s | 45 rpm | |
| 78s | 78 rpm | |
| cas | Cassette | |
| cda | CD audio | |
| dva | DVD audio | |
| lps | LP | |
| mp3 | MP3 | |
| rll | Roll | |
| rtr | Reel-to-reel tape | |
| wxc | Wax cylinder | |
| wrr | Wire recording | |
Visual materials (vis) (Includes all subset codes in this table)
| Code/Name | ||
|---|---|---|
| ngr | 2-D image (includes subsets below) | |
| rep | Artwork reproduction | |
| cht | Chart | |
| crd | Flash card | |
| grp | Graphic | |
| oar | Original artwork | |
| pht | Photograph | |
| pic | Picture | |
| tch | Technical drawing | |
| art | 3-D object (includes subsets below) | |
| dio | Diorama | |
| gam | Game | |
| msi | Microscope slide | |
| mdl | Model | |
| toy | Toy | |
| Media types for visual materials: | ||
| bta | Beta | |
| dvv | DVD video (also included in DVD and Videodisc) | |
| pal | PAL | |
| scm | SECAM | |
| vhs | VHS (also included in Videocassette) | |
| blu | Blu-ray disc | |
| Other visual material types | ||
| anm | Animation | |
| mot | Film | |
| flm | Filmstrip | |
| kit | Kit | |
| pan | Partial animation | |
| pgr | Projected image | |
| rbj | Real object (realia) | |
| sld | Slide | |
| trn | Transparency | |
| vid | Videorecording | |
MeSH (hm: or hm= or hmw=)
MeSH = Medical subject headings
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | hm: | The following 6xx fields (if indicator 2 = 2): 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z 648 a v x-z 650 a b v x-z 651 a v x-z 654 a b v x-z 655 a b v x-z |
Examples: hm:diabetes and yr:2005 and mt:vis hm=womens health and yr:2005 |
| Phrase | hm= | ||
| Whole phrase | hmw= |
Microform* (mf:)
*Qualifier index; Connexion only
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Two-letter code used as slash qualifier (mf or nm) Or Three-letter code used with index label and punctuation |
mf: | Microform: Fixed field element Form = a b c Or 007 a = h Not microform: |
Examples: ti=tale of two cities/mf ti=tale of two cities/nm/1990 |
Musical composition (mc: or mc=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | mc: | 006/01-02 if 006/00 is c d i j Comp (008/18-19) if Type (Leader/06) is c d i j 047 a |
Example: To find Ballads from 1990 on Type mc:bd and yr:1990- |
| Phrase | mc= |
Example: |
*See OCLC Bibliographic Formats and Standards for a list of codes and terms. The musical composition codes listed by IAML are valid in subfield a. See www.iaml.info/activities/cataloguing/unimarc/forms. OCLC will implement the IAML codes in the index later in 2009. OCLC will announce the availability of the codes.
Musical incipit (mi=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phrase | mi= | 031 p |
Example: |
NAL class number (ag:)
NAL = National Agricultural Library
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | ag: | 070 a |
Example: To find aQK981.45 Type ag:aqk981.45 |
NAL subject (ha: or ha= or haw=)
NAL = National Agricultural Library
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | ha: | The following 6xx fields (if indicator 2 = 3): 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z 648 a v x-z 650 a b v x-z 651 a v x-z 654 a b v x-z 655 a b v x-z |
Examples: haw=corn middle west |
| Phrase | ha= | ||
| Whole phrase | haw= |
Name (au: or au= or auw=)
Index called Author for searching WorldCat in FirstSearch/Resource Sharing; formerly called Author in Connexion.
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | au: |
100 a-d j q u |
Example: au:sagan |
| Phrase | au= |
100 a-d j q |
Example: au=sagan, carl Or au=sagan carl |
| For word and phrase indexes (au: and au=): This index includes more fields that are only found in institution records (IRs). See IR indexing information. | |||
| Whole phrase | auw= |
100 a-d j q 711 a c d e g n q (g n only if left of first subfield k or t) |
Example: auw=sagan, carl 1934- |
National Bibliography Number (nn:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | nn: | 015 a z 2 |
|
NLM class number (lm: or lm=)
NLM = National Library of Medicine (U. S.)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | lm: |
060 a |
Example: lm:hq1381 |
| Phrase | lm= | 060 a b 096 a b 695 a b (if indicator 2 = 2) |
Example: lm=hq 1381 c524w 1976 |
Notes (nt:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | nt: |
500 a |
Example: nt:letterpress |
OCLC control number (no:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | no: |
001 |
Example: no:10998406 or *10998406 or #10998406 |
Other subject (ho: or ho= or how=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | ho: | The following 6xx fields (if indicator 2 = 7): 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z 648 a v x-z 650 a b v x-z 651 a v x-z 654 a b v x-z 655 a b v x-z In word index only, also indexes subfield 2 of fields listed above, if present. |
Examples: ho:stars ho=supergiant stars how=united states national aeronautics and space administration |
| Phrase | ho= | ||
| Whole phrase | how= |
Personal name (pn: or pn= or pnw=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | pn: |
100 a-d j q u |
Examples: pn:shamu pn:brooks and yr:1949 |
| Phrase | pn= | 100 a-d j q 700 a-d j q |
Examples: pn=sitting bull pn=brooks, gwendolyn pnw=brooks, gwendolyn 1917- |
| Whole phrase | pnw= | ||
| For all three versions of this index (pn: and pn= and pnw=): This index includes more fields that are only found in institution records (IRs). See IR indexing information. | |||
Personal name subject (na: or na= or naw=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | na: |
600 a-d j q |
Examples: na:conrad and yr:1990 na=conrad, joseph and yr:1990 naw=conrad, joseph 1857-1924 and yr:1990 |
| Phrase | na= | ||
| Whole phrase | naw= | ||
| For the word and phrase versions of this index (na: and na=): This index includes more fields that are only found in institution records (IRs). See IR indexing information. | |||
Publisher (pb: or pb=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | pb: |
260 b f |
Examples: pb:vintage and yr:1950-5 pb=vintage books and yr:1950-5 |
| Phrase | pb= |
Publisher location (pl:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | pl: |
260 a e |
Example: pl:stockholm |
Publisher number (mn: or mn=) (mu: or mu=)
Formerly called music publisher number.
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | mn: (Connexion) mu: (FirstSearch/Resource Sharing) |
028 a |
Examples: To find CO 1979-AB5-1 (omit hyphens): To find a number within range LPX 12334–12338, type any number in the range: To find D3S 744 (MS 6872--MS 6874), type any of the numbers (do not include parentheses). For a publisher number such as DKP (CD) 9040, the parenthetical text is treated as separate. The system indexes this number as three separate words. |
| Number phrase | mn= (Connexion) mu= (FirstSearch/Resource Sharing) |
Report number (rn:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | rn: |
027 a z |
Example: |
RVM subject (hr: or hr= or hrw=)
RVM = Repertoire des vedettes-matiére (Library Archives of Canada French subject headings)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | hr: | The following 6xx fields (if indicator 2 = 6): 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z 648 a v x-z 650 a b v x-z 651 a v x-z 654 a b v x-z 655 a b v x-z |
Examples: hr:liaisons hr=liaisons dangereuses hrw=laclos, choderlos de 1741-1803 liaisons dangereuses |
| Phrase | hr= | ||
| Whole phrase | hrw= |
Sears subject (hs: or hs= or hsw=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | hs: | The following 6xx fields (if indicator 2 = 8): 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z 648 a v x-z 650 a b v x-z 651 a v x-z 654 a b v x-z 655 a b v x-z |
Examples: hs:aids hs=aids and devices hsw=teaching aids and devices |
| Phrase | hs= | ||
| Whole phrase | hsw= |
Series (se: or se= or sew=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| WordPhrase | se:se= |
440 a n p v x |
Examples: se:fairies se=rainbow magic
|
| Whole phrase | sew= | 440 a n p v x
533 f 534 f 760 a s t x y 762 a s t x y 800 a-e g k m-t v x 810 a-e g k m-p r-t v x 811 a c-e g k n p s t v x 830 a d f g k m-p r-t v x |
Examples: sew=rainbow magic the jewel fairies |
Standard number (sn: or sn=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | sn: and sn= |
010 a b z |
Example: To search for ISBN 0720500478 Type sn:0720500478 |
Subject (su: or su=) (suw= or sa=)
| Search by | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | su: | 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z 648 a v x-z 650 a b v x-z 651 a v x-z 653 a 654 a b v x y z 655 a b v x-z |
Examples: su:horror and yr:1990 and mt:rec su=french language and su:instruction and yr:1990 suw=french language self instruction and yr:1990 (Connexion) suw=english language textbooks for foreign speakers chinese and yr:1990 (Connexion) |
| Phrase | su= | ||
| Whole phrase | suw= (Connexion) sa= (FirstSearch/Resource Sharing) |
Title (ti: or ti= or tiw=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | ti: |
031 d t |
Examples: ti:existentialism and mt:bks and yr:1900-55 ti:"mr and mrs" and yr:2000 |
| Phrase | ti= |
031 d t |
Example: ti=canterbury tales ti=canterbury tales composd for the entertainment* ti=composed for the entertainment* |
| For the word and phrase versions of this index (ti: and ti=): This index includes more fields that are only found in institution records (IRs). See IR indexing information. | |||
| Whole phrase | tiw= |
031 d t |
Example: tiw=let us now praise famous men |
Uniform title (ut: or ut= or utw=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | ut: | 130 a d f g k m-p r-t
240 a d f g k m-p r s |
Examples: ut:beowulf ut=beowulf and how he fought grendel |
| Phrase | ut= | ||
| Whole phrase | utw= |
130 a d f g k-p r-t |
Example: utw=chinas buried kingdoms francais |
| For all three versions of this index (ut: and ut= and utw=): This index includes more fields that are only found in institution records (IRs). See IR indexing information. | |||
Unique serial title (tk: or tkw=)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | tk: | 222 a b |
Examples: tk:horses tkw=quarter horses usa |
| Whole phrase | tkw= |
Universal Decimal class number (ud:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | ud: |
080 a |
Example: To find a record with Universal Decimal number 368.4(83:899) Type ud:368.4 |
Update date (up:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | up: |
005/00-007 "Replaced" |
Example: up:20021223 |
Vendor (vn:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | vn: |
938 a b |
Available only for searching in Connexion; available for searching and browsing in FirstSearch/Resource Sharing. Example: vn:casalini and la:fre/1995 |
See a list of vendors on the OCLC Web site.
Year* (yr:)
*Qualifier index
| Search by | Label | Fields/subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Year(s) of publication | yr: | 008/07-10 Date1 046 c |
|
See "Combine, qualify, expand searches" for more information.
Year2 (yy:)
| Search by ... | Label | Fields and subfields indexed | Guidelines and/or examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | yy: |
008/11-14 Date2 |
Examples: yy:1952 and cp:flu |
back to top
List of fields and subfields indexed in tag order
The table in this section lists all fields and subfields indexed and shows the indexes that include them. Word, phrase (entire subfield) and whole phrase (entire field) versions of indexes are distinguished by whether the two-letter index label is followed by a colon (:), or by an equal sign (=), or by a letter "w" and an equal sign. See "Types of searches" for a detailed explanation of word, phrase, and whole phrase indexes.
Note: Whole phrase indexes are available only in Connexion. FirstSearch and Resource Sharing have only one whole phrase index—the Subject heading index (sa=).
The fields and subfield groupings are listed in numerical tag order and within a tag group, in alphabetical order by index name.
Key to abbreviations:
Conx = OCLC Connexion
FS/RS = OCLC FirstSearch and Resource Sharing
LC = Library of Congress
LCSH = Library of Congress subject heading
MeSH = Medical subject heading
NAL = National Agricultural Library
NLM = National Library of Medicine
RVM = Repertoire des vedettes-matiére (Library and Archives Canada French subject heading
Fields/subfields indexed in tag order
| Field/subfield(s) indexed | Index name | Index label(s) |
|---|---|---|
| 001 | OCLC control number | no: |
| 005/00-007 | Update date | up: |
| 006/01-02 if 006/00 is c d i j | Musical composition | mc: and mc= |
| 007 and various other fields Note: See the last section of this guide, "Format and Material type values indexed," for details |
Material type (qualifier index) | mt: and mt= |
| 007 a | Microform or not microform (qualifier index; retrieves only microforms or eliminates microforms) | mf:mic Or mf:not mic (in Cnx) mt:mic (in FS/RS) |
| 008 and various other fields Note: See the last section of this guide, "Format and Material type values indexed," for details |
Material type (qualifier index) | mt: and mt= |
| 008/15-17 | Country code | cp: and cp= |
| 008/18-19 (Comp) if Leader/06 (Type) is c d i j | Musical composition | mc: and mc= |
| 008/35-37 | Language (qualifer index) | la: and la= (in Cnx)
ln:/ln= and la= (in FS and RS) |
| 008 Date1 Date2 | Keyword | kw: |
| 008/07-10 Date1 | Year (qualifier index) | yr: |
| 008/11-14 Date2 | Year 2 | yy: |
| 008/Form | Microform or not microform (qualifier index; retrieves only microforms or eliminates microforms) | mf:mic Or mf:not mic (in Cnx) mt:mic (in FS/RS) |
| 008/Source | Cooperative programs (qualifier index) | dl: |
| 010 a b z | LCCN | ln: and ln= (in Cnx)
nl: and nl= (in FS/RS) |
| Standard number | sn: and sn= | |
| 015 a z 2 | National bibliography number | nn: |
| 015 a z | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 016 a z | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 019 a | OCLC control number | no: |
| 020 a z | ISBN | bn: and bn= (in Cnx)
nb: and nb= (in FS/RS) |
| Standard number | sn: and sn= | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 022 a y z | ISSN | in: and in= (in Cnx)
ns: and ns= (in FS/RS) |
| Standard number | sn: and sn= | |
| 022 l m | ISSN link | ik: and ik= |
| Standard number | sn: and sn= | |
| 024 a z | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 027 a z | Report number | rn: |
| Standard number | sn: and sn= | |
| 028 a | Publisher number | mn: and mn= (in Cnx) mu: and mu= (in FS/RS) |
| Standard number | sn: and sn= | |
| 030 a z | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 031 d t | Title | ti: and ti= and tiw= |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 031 p | Musical incipit | mi: |
| 031 u | Access method | am: and am= |
| 034 b c d e f g z | Keyword | kw: |
| 037 a | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 040 a c | Cataloging source (used as a qualifier) | cs= |
| Cooperative programs (used as a qualifier; dl:y = /dlc) | dl: | |
| 040 b | Language of cataloging description | ll: |
| 041 2 (if indicator 2 = 7) | Language (qualifier index) | la: (Cnx) or ln: (FS/RS) |
| 041 a (if indicator 1 = 0) | ||
| 041 b d e f g | ||
| 041 j | ||
| 042 a | Authentication code | ac= |
| Cooperative programs (used as a qualifier; dl:y or /dlc) | dl: | |
| 043 a c | Geographic coverage | gc: and gc= |
| 044 a c | Country code | cp: and cp= |
| 046 b d | B.C. year | bc: |
| 046 c | Year (used as a qualifer) | yr: |
| 046e | Year 2 | yy: |
| 047 a | Musical composition | mc: and mc= |
| 050 a | LC classification number | lc: |
| 052 a b | Keyword | kw: |
| 055 a | Canadian classification number | ca: |
| 055 a (if indicator 2 = 0-5) | LC classification number | lc: and lc= |
| 060 a b | NLM classification number | lm: and lm= |
| 066 c | Character sets present (ara, ben, cjk, cyr, dev, gre, hbr, tam, tha) | vp: |
| 070 a | NAL classification number | ag: |
| 074 a | Government document number | gn: |
| 080 a | Universal Decimal classification number | ud: |
| 082 2 | Dewey Decimal edition number | d2: |
| 082 a | Dewey Decimal classification number | dd: |
| 086 a z | Government document number | gn: |
| 088 a | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 088 a z | Report number | rn: |
| 090 a | LC classification number | lc: and lc= |
| 092 2 | Dewey Decimal edition number | d2: |
| 092 a | Dewey Decimal class number | dd: |
| 096 a b | NLM classification number | lm: and lm= |
| 100 a b c j | Personal name derived | pd: |
| 100 a with 240 a | Name/Title derived | nd: |
| 100 a with 243 a | ||
| 100 a with 245 a k | ||
| 100 a with 246 a | ||
| 100 a with 740 a | ||
| 100 a-d j q | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au= and auw= |
| Personal name | pn= and pnw= | |
| 100 a-d j q u | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: |
| Personal name | pn: | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 100 t | Title | ti: |
| 110 a b | Corporate/Conference derived | cd: |
| 110 a b with 240 a | Name Title derived | nd: |
| 110 a b with 243 a | ||
| 110 a b with 245 a k | ||
| 110 a b with 246 a | ||
| 110 a b with 740 a | ||
| 110 a-d g n | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | auw= |
| 110 a-d n | Corporate/Conference name | cn= and cnw= |
| Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au= | |
| 110 a-e n u | Corporate/Conference name | cn: |
| Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 110 t | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 111 a n | Corporate/Conference derived | cd: |
| 111 a c d e g n q | Corporate/Conference name | cnw= |
| Name (called Author in FS/RS) | auw= | |
| 111 a c d e n q | Corporate/Conference name | cn= |
| Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au= | |
| 111 a c d e n q u | Corporate/Conference name | cn: |
| Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 111 a n with 240 a | Name/Title derived | nd: |
| 111 a n with 243 a | ||
| 111 a n with 245 a k | ||
| 111 a n with 246 a | ||
| 111 a n with 740 a | ||
| 111 t | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 130 a d f g k m-p r-t | Title | ti: and ti= |
| Uniform title | ut: and ut= | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 130 a d f-h k-p r-t | Title | tiw= |
| 130 a d f g k-p r-t | Uniform title | utw= |
| 130 a n p | Title derived | td: |
| 130 a with 240 a | Name/Title derived | nd: |
| 130 a with 243 a | ||
| 130 a with 245 a k | ||
| 130 a with 246 a | ||
| 130 a with 740 a | ||
| 210 a | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 214 a | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 222 a b | Title derived | td: |
| Title | ti: and ti= and tiw= | |
| Unique serial title | tk: and tkw= | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 240 a b n | Title derived | td: |
| 240 a d f g k m-p r s | Title | ti: and ti= |
| Uniform title | ut: and ut= | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 240 a d f-h k-p r s | Title | tiw= |
| 240 a d f g k-p r s | Uniform title | utw= |
| 242 a b n p | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 243 a d f g k m-p r s | Title | ti: |
| Uniform title | ut: and ut= | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 243 a d f g k-p r s | Unform title | utw= |
| 243 a n p | Title derived | td: |
| 245 a b f g k n p | Title | ti: and ti= |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 245 a f g k n p | Title | tiw= |
| 245 a f k n p | Title derived | td: |
| 245 c | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 246 a b n p | Title | ti: and ti= and tiw= |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 246 a n p | Title derived | td: |
| 247 a b n p | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 247 a n p | Title derived | td: |
| 255 a b c d e | Keyword | kw: |
| 260 a e | Publisher location | pl: |
| 260 b f | Publisher | pb: and pb= |
| 261 a b e | ||
| 261 f | Publisher location | pl: |
| 262 a | ||
| 262 b | Publisher | pb: and pb= |
| 262 c | Publisher number | mn: and mn= (in Cnx) mu: and mu= (in FS/RS) |
| Standard number | sn: and sn= | |
| 440 a n p | Title derived | td: |
| Title | ti: and tiw= | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 440 a n p v x | Series | se: and se= and sew= |
| 440 x | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 490 a | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| Derived title | td: | |
| 490 a v x | Series | se: and se= |
| 490 x | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 500 a | Notes | nt: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 501 a | Notes | nt: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 502 a | Notes | nt: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 502 b c d g o | Keyword | kw: |
| 504 a | Notes | nt: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 505 a r t | Notes | nt: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 505 r | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 505 t | Title | ti: and ti= |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 505 u | Access method | am: and am= |
| 506 u | ||
| 508 u | ||
506 a f |
Access restrictions | rs: and rs= |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| Notes | nt: | |
| 508 a | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: |
| Notes | nt: | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 511 a | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: |
| Notes | nt: | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 511 u | Access method | am: and am= |
| 514 u | ||
| 518 a | Notes | nt: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 520 a b | Notes | nt: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 520 u | Access method | am: and am= |
| 521 a | Notes | nt: |
| Keyword | nt: | |
| 530 u | Access method | am: and am= |
| 533 a b c d e f n | Notes | nt: |
| Keyword | nt: | |
| 533 b | Publisher location | pl: |
| 533 c | Publisher | pb: and pb= |
| 533 f | Series | se: and se= and sew= |
| 534 a t | Notes | nt: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 534 o | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 534 x z | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 536 a-h | Notes | nt: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 538 a | Notes | nt: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 538 u | Access method | am: and am= |
| 540 u | ||
| 542 u | Access method | am: and am= |
| 545 a | Notes | nt: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 545 u | Access method | am: and am= |
| 550 a | Notes | nt: |
| Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 552 u | Access method | am: or am= |
| 555 u | ||
| 563 u | ||
| 583 u | ||
| 583 a c h i l 2 3 5 | Action note | io: |
| 600 a-d j q | Personal name subject heading | na: and na= and naw= |
| 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z | Subject heading | su: and su= and suw= (Cnx) su: and su= and sa= (FS/RS) |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 0 | LCSH | hl: and hl= and hlw= |
| 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 1) | LC children's subject heading | hc: and hc= and hcw= |
| 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 2) | MeSH | hm: and hm= and hmw= |
| 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 3) | NAL subject heading | ha: and ha= and haw= |
| 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 5) | Canadian subject heading | he: and he= and hew= |
| 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 6) | RVM subject heading | hr: and hr= and hrw= |
| 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 7) Note: For the word index only (ho:), also indexes subfield 2 if present |
Other subject heading | ho: and ho= and how= |
| 600 a-e g j k m-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 8) | Sears subject heading | hs: and hs= and hsw= |
| 600 v | Genre/Form | ge: and ge= |
| 600 x | Descriptors | de: and de= |
| 600 z | Geographic coverage | gc: and gc= |
| 610 a-d n p | Corporate/Conference subject heading | nc: and nc= and ncw= |
| 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z | Subject heading | su: and su= and suw= (Cnx) su: and su= and sa= (FS/RS) |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 0) | LCSH | hl: and hl= and hlw= |
| 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 1) | LC children's subject heading | hc: and hc= and hcw= |
610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 2) |
MeSH | hm: and hm= and hmw= |
| 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 3) | NAL subject heading | ha: and ha= and haw= |
| 610 a-e g k m-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 5) | Canadian subject heading | he: and he= and hew= |
| 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 6) | RVM subject heading | hr: and hr= and hrw= |
| 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 7) Note: For the word index only (ho:), also indexes subfield 2 if present |
Other subject heading | ho: and ho= and how= |
| 610 a-e g k m-p r-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 8) | Sears subject heading | hs: and hs= and hsw= |
| 610 v | Genre/Form | ge: and ge= |
| 610 x | Descriptors | de: and de= |
| 610 z | Geographic coverage | gc: and gc= |
| 611 a c d e n p q | Corporate/Conference subject heading | nc: and nc= and ncw= |
| 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z | Subject heading | su: and su= and suw= (Cnx) su: and su= and sa= (FS/RS) |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 0) | LCSH | hl: and hl= and hlw= |
| 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 1) | LC children's subject heading | hc: and hc= and hcw= |
| 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 2) | MeSH | hm: and hm= and hmw= |
| 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 3) | NAL subject heading | ha: and ha= and haw= |
| 611 a-e g j k m-t v x-z if (indicator 2 = 5) | Canadian subject heading | he: and he= and hew= |
| 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 6) | RVM subject heading | hr: and hr= and hrw= |
| 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 7) Note: For word index only, also indexes subfield 2 if present |
Other subject heading | ho: and ho= and how= |
| 611 a c-e g k n p q t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 8) | Sears subject heading | hs: and hs= and hsw= |
| 611 v | Genre/Form | ge: and ge= |
| 611 x | Descriptors | de: and de= |
| 611 z | Geographic coverage | gc: and gc= |
| 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z | Subject heading | su: and su= and suw= (Cnx) su: and su= and sa= (FS/RS) |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 0) | LCSH | hl: and hl= and hlw= |
| 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 1) | LC children's subject heading | hc:and hc= and hcw= |
| 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 2) | MeSH | hm: and hm= and hmw= |
| 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 3) | NAL subject heading | ha: and ha= and haw= |
| 630 a-e g j k m-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 5) | Canadian subject heading | he: and he= and hew= |
| 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 6) | RVM subject heading | hr: and hr= and hrw= |
| 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 7) Note: For the word index only (ho:), also indexes subfield 2 if present |
Other subject heading | ho: and ho= and how= |
| 630 a d k m-p r-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 8) | Sears subject heading | hs: and hs= and hsw= |
| 630 v | Genre/Form | ge: and ge= |
| 630 x | Descriptors | de: and de= |
| 630 z | Geographic coverage | gc: and gc= |
| 648 a v x-z | Subject heading | su: and su= and suw= (Cnx) su: and su= and sa= (FS/RS) |
| 648 a | Keyword | kw: |
| 648 a v x-z (if indicator 2 = 0) | LCSH | hl: and hl= and hlw= |
| 648 a v x-z (if indicator 2 = 1) | LC children's subject heading | hc: and hc= and hcw= |
| 648 a v x-z (if indicator 2 = 2) | MeSH | hm: and hm= and hmw= |
| 648 a v x-z (if indicator 2 = 3) | NAL subject heading | ha: and ha= and haw= |
| 648 a v x-z (if indicator 2 = 6) | RVM subject heading | hr: and hr= and hrw= |
| 648 a v x-z (if indicator 2 = 7) | Other subject | ho: and ho= and how= |
| 648 a v x-z (if indicator 2 = 8) | Sears subject | hs: and hs= and hsw= |
| 648 v | Genre/Form | ge: and ge= |
| 648 x | Descriptor | de: and de= |
| 648 z | Geographic coverage | gc: and gc= |
| 650 a b v x-z | Subject heading | su: and su= and suw= (Cnx) su: and su= and sa= (FS/RS) |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 650 a b v x-z (if indicator 2 = 0) | LCSH | hl: and hl= and hlw= |
| 650 a b v x-z (if indicator 2 = 1) | LC children's subject heading | hc: and hc= and hcw= |
| 650 a b v x-z (if indicator 2 = 2) | MeSH | hm: and hm= and hmw= |
| 650 a b v x-z (if indicator 2 = 3) | NAL subject heading | ha: and ha= and haw= |
| 650 a-e g j k m-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 5) | Canadian subject heading | he: and he= and hew= |
| 650 a b v x-z (if indicator 2 = 6) | RVM subject heading | hr: and hr= and hrw= |
| 650 a b v x-z (if indicator 2 = 7) Note: For the word index only (ho:), also indexes subfield 2 if present |
Other subject heading | ho: and ho= and how= |
| 650 a b v x-z (if indicator 2 = 8) | Sears subject heading | hs: and hs= and hsw= |
| 650 a b x | Descriptors | de: and de= |
| 650 v | Genre/Form | ge: and ge= |
| 650 z | Geographic coverage | gc: and gc= |
| 651 a v x-z | Subject heading | su: and su= and suw= (Cnx) su: and su= and sa= (FS/RS) |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 651 a v x-z (if indicator 2 = 0) | LCSH | hl: and hl= and hlw= |
| 651 a v x-z (if indicator 2 = 1) | LC children's subject heading | hc: and hc= and hcw= |
| 651 a v x-z (if indicator 2 = 2) | MeSH | hm: and hm= and hmw= |
| 651 a v x-z (if indicator 2 = 3) | NAL subject heading | ha: and ha= and haw= |
| 651 a-e g j k m-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 5) | Canadian subject heading | he: and he= and hew= |
| 651 a b v x-z (if indicator 2 = 6) | RVM subject heading | hr: and hr= and hrw= |
| 651 a b x-z (if indicator 2 = 7) Note: For the word index only (ho:), also indexes subfield 2 if present |
Other subject heading | ho: and ho= and how= |
| 651 a v x-z (if indicator 2 = 8) | Sears subject heading | hs: and hs= and hsw= |
| 651 a z | Geographic coverage | gc: and gc= |
| 651 v | Genre/Form | ge: and ge= |
| 651 x | Descriptors | de: and de= |
| 653 a (if indicator 2 = 2 or 3) | Corporate/Conference subject | nc: and nc= |
| 653 a (if indicator 2 = 0) | Descriptors | de: and de= |
| 653 a (if indicator 2 = 6) | Genre/Form | ge: and ge= |
| 653 a (if indicator 2 = 5) | Geographic coverage | gc: and gc= |
| 653 a (if indicator 2 = 1 ) | Personal name subject | na: and na= |
| 653 a | Subject heading | su: and su= and suw= (Cnx) su: and su= and sa= (FS/RS) |
| 654 a b v x y z | Canadian subject heading | he: and he= and hew= |
| LC children's subject heading | hc: and hc= and hcw= | |
| LCSH | hl: and hl= and hlw= | |
| MeSH | hm: and hm= and hmw= | |
| NAL subject heading | ha: and ha= and haw= | |
| Other subject | ho: and ho= and how= | |
| RVM subject heading | hr: and hr= and hrw= | |
| Sears subject heading | hs: and hs= and hsw= | |
| Subject heading | su: and su= and suw= (Cnx) su: and su= and sa= (FS/RS) | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 654 v | Genre/Form | ge: and ge= |
| 654 x | Descriptor | de: and de= |
| 654 z | Geographic coverage | gc: and gc= |
| 655 a b v x-z | Subject heading | su: and su= and suw= (Cnx) su: and su= and sa= (FS/RS) |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 655 a b v x-z (if indicator 2 = 0) | LCSH | hl: and hl= and hlw= |
| 655 a b v x-z (if indicator 2 = 1) | LC children's subject heading | hc: and hc= and hcw= |
| 655 a b v x-z (if indicator 2 = 2) | MeSH | hm: and hm= and hmw= |
| 655 a b v x-z (if indicator 2 = 3) | NAL subject heading | ha: and ha= and haw= |
| 655 a-e g j k m-t v x-z (if indicator 2 = 5) | Canadian subject heading | he: and he= and hew= |
| 655 a b v x-z (if indicator 2 = 6) | RVM subject heading | hr: and hr= and hrw= |
| 655 a b v x-z (if indicator 2 = 7) Note: For the word index only (ho:), also indexes subfield 2 if present |
Other subject heading | ho: and ho= and how= |
| 655 a b v x-z (if indicator 2 = 8) | Sears subject heading | hs: and hs= and hsw= |
| 655 x | Descriptors | de: and de= |
| 655 z | Geographic coverage | gc: and gc= |
| 695 a (if indicator 2 = 0) | LC Classification number | lc: and lc= |
| 695 a (if indicator 2 = 1) | Dewey Decimal classification number | dd: |
695 a b (if indicator 2 = 2) Subfield b is indexed for the phrase index ( lm=) only |
NLM classification number | lm: and lm= |
| 695 a (if indicator 2 = 3) | Universal Decimal classification number | ud: |
| 700 a-c j | Personal name derived | pd: |
| 700 a with 245 a k | Name/Title derived | nd: |
| 700 a-d j q | Name (Called Author In FS/RS) | au: and au= |
| Personal name | pn: and pn= | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 700 a-d j q u | Name (Called Author In FS/RS) | au: |
| Personal name | pn: | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 700 f-h k-p r-t | Title | tiw= |
| 700 f g k-p r-t | Uniform title | utw= |
| 700 g k m-p r-t | Title | ti: |
| Uniform title | ut: and ut= | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 700 x | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 700 a b with 245 a k | Name/Title derived | nd: |
| 710 a-d g n (d g n only if left of first subfield k or t) | Name (Called Author In FS/RS) | auw: |
| 710 a-d n | Corporate/Conference name | cn= |
| Name (Called Author In FS/RS) | au= | |
| 710 a-d n (d n only if left of first subfield t or k) | Corporate/Conference name | cnw= |
| 710 a-e n | Corporate/Conference name | cn: |
| Name (Called Author In FS/RS) | au: | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 710 d f g k-p r-t | Uniform title | utw= |
| 710 d f-h k-p r-t (d g n only if right of first subfield k or t) | Title | tiw= |
| 710 d g k m-p r-t | Title | ti: |
| Uniform title | ut: and ut= | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 710 x | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 711 a n | Corporate/Conference derived | cd: |
| 711 a c d e n q (n only if left of first subfield t or k) | Corporate/Conference name | cnw= |
| Name (called Author in FS/RS) | auw= | |
| 711 a c d e n q | Corporate/Conference name | cn: and cn= |
| Name (called Author In FS/RS) | au: and au= | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 711 a n with 245 a k | Name/Title derived | nd: |
| 711 d f g k l n p s t | Uniform title | utw= |
| 711 d g k n p s t | Uniform title | ut: and ut= |
| 711 f-h k l n p s t (g n only if right of first subfield k or t) | Title | tiw= |
| 711 g k n p s t | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 711 x | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 720 a | Name (called Author In FS/RS) | au: and au= |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 730 a d f g k m-p r-t | Title | ti: and ti= |
| Uniform title | ut: and ut= | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 730 a d f g k-p r-t | Uniform title | utw= |
| 730 a d f-h k-p r-t | Title | tiw= |
| 730 a n p | Title derived | td: |
| 730 a with 245 a k | Name/Title derived | nd: |
| 730 x | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 740 a h n p | Title | tiw= |
| 740 a n p | Title derived | td: |
| Title | ti: and ti= | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 752 a-d | Publisher location | pt: |
| 753 a b c | Notes | nt: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 760 a s t x y | Series | se: and se= and sew= |
| 760 x-z | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 762 a s t x y | Series | se: and se= and sew= |
| 762 x-z | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 770 a | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 770 a s t | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 770 r u x-z | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 773 a | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 773 p s t | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 773 u x-z | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 773 w | Collection level | oc: |
| 776 x-z | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 780 a | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 780 s t | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 780 t | Title derived | td: |
| 780 x-z | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 785 a | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 785 s t | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 785 t | Title derived | td: |
| 785 x-z | Standard number | sn: and sn= |
| 787 a | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 787 s t | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 800 a-d j q | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | auw= |
| 800 a-d q u | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 800 a-e g k m-t v | Series | se: and se= and sew= |
| 800 f-h k-p r-t v | Title | tiw= |
| 800 g k m-p r-t | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 800 w | Collection level | oc: |
| 800 x | Series | se: and se= |
| Standard number | sn: and sn= | |
| 810 a-d g n (d g n only if left of first subfield k or t) | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | auw= |
| 810 a-e g k m-p r-t v | Series | se: and se= and sew= |
| 810 a-e n | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 810 d f-h k-p r-t v (d g only if right of first subfield k or t) | Title | tiw= |
| 810 d g k m-p r-t | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 810 w | Collection level | oc: |
| 810 x | Series | se: and se= |
| Standard number | sn: and sn= | |
| 811 a c d e g n q (g n only if left of first subfield k or t) | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | auw= |
| 811 a c d e n q | Name (called Author in FS/RS) | au: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 811 a c-e g k n p s t v | Series | se: and se= and sew= |
| 811 f-h k l n p s t v (g n only if right of first subfield k or t) | Title | tiw= |
| 811 g k n p s t | Title | ti: |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 811 w | Collection level | oc: |
| 811 x | Series | se: and se= |
| Standard number | sn: and sn= | |
| 830 a d f g k m-p r-t v | Series | se: and se= and sew= |
| Title | ti: | |
| Keyword | kw: | |
| 830 a d f-h k-p r-t | Title | tiw= |
| 830 a n p | Title derived | td: |
| 830 w | Collection level | oc: |
| 830 x | Series | se: and se= |
| Standard number | sn: and sn= | |
| 852 u Note: Indexes only institution records. |
Access method | am: and am= |
| 856 presence or absence | Internet (qualifier index; retrieves only Internet resources or eliminates Internet resources) | mt:url Or mt:not url |
| 856 u | Access method | am: and am= |
| 938 a b | Vendor | vn: |
Index sources other than fields/subfields
| Index name | Index label | Source of information indexed | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Holding library symbol (qualifier index only) | li: | Holdings information | |
| Holding library group (qualifier index only) | zu: | ||
| Format/Document type (bks, cnr, com, map, mix, rec, and vis) |
dt= | Presence of both: Leader/06 (Type) and Leader/07 (BLvl) Note: See the last section of this guide, "Format and Material type values indexed," for details | |
| Local holdings | Your library holding code (yes is the only value) | l7:yes | Local holdings records Note: Index labels shown are lowercase "ell", followed by a number and punctuation |
| State or province name | l2= | ||
| City name | l3= | ||
| Your OCLC institution symbol | l4: | ||
| OCLC group symbol | l5: | ||
| 4-character local holding symbol | l6= | ||
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Search index check lists
Alphabetical list of indexes with links to descriptions and browsable indexes noted
The following checklist of WorldCat indexes is alphabetized. It shows which index labels differ between Connexion and FirstSearch and which indexes cover browsing as well as searching. Click an index name to go to a detailed description.
Note: Index label formats xx:, xx=, and xxw= indicate word, phrase (complete subfield); and whole phrase (complete field) indexing, respectively. Most whole phrase indexes are available only in Connexion. See "Types of searches" for a detailed explanation of word, phrase, and whole phrase indexes.
Key to abbreviations:
Conx = OCLC Connexion
FS = OCLC FirstSearch and Resource Sharing
LC = Library of Congress
LCSH = Library of Congress subject heading
MeSH = Medical subject heading
NAL = National Agricultural Library
NLM = National Library of Medicine
RVM = Repertoire des vedettes-matiére (Library and Archives Canada French subject heading
| (A - L) Index name and labels |
Conx label | FS label | Browse? | (L - Z) Index name and labels |
Conx label | FS label | Browse? | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Access method | am:, am= | am: | Yes | LCCN | ln:, ln= | nl: | Yes in FS | |
| Action note | io: | Yes | LCSH | hl:, hl=, hlw= | hl:, hl= | Yes | ||
| Authentication code | ac= | Local holdings | l7:, l2=, l3=, l4:, l5:, l6= ( l = lower case "ell") | Yes in FS | ||||
| Author (FS) (called "Name" in Conx) |
See "Name" | au:, au= | Yes | Material type | mt:, mt= | Yes in FS | ||
| BC year | bc: | MeSH | hm:, hm=, hmw= | hm:, hm= | Yes | |||
| Canadian class number | ca: | Yes | Microform | mf: | (none) | |||
| Canadian subject | he:, he=, hew= | he:, he= | Yes | Musical composition | mc: and mc= | Yes mc= | ||
| Cataloging source | cs= | Musical incipit (available only for browsing only in Conx) | mi= | (none) | Yes in Conx | |||
| Character sets present | vp: | Music number (FS) ( called "Publisher number" in Conx) |
See Pub. number | Yes | ||||
| Collection level | oc: | (none) | NAL class number | ag: | Yes | |||
| Cooperative programs | dl: | NAL subject | ha: , ha=, haw= | ha: , ha= | Yes | |||
| Corporate/Conference name | cn:, cn=, cnw= | cn:, cn= | Yes | Name (Conx) (called "Author" in FS) |
au:, au=, auw= | See "Author" | Yes | |
--- |
National bibliography number | nn: | (none) | |||||
| Corporate/Conference subject | nc:, nc=, ncw= | nc:, nc= | Yes | NLM class number | lm:, lm= | Yes | ||
| Country of publication | cp:, cp= | Yes in FS | Notes | nt: | Yes | |||
| Derived: Corporate/Conference name | cd: | OCLC control number | no: | Yes in FS | ||||
| Derived: Name/Title | nd: | Other subject | ho:, ho=, how= | ho:, ho= | Yes | |||
| Derived: Personal name | pd: | Personal name | pn:, pn=, pnw= | pn:, pn= | Yes | |||
| Derived: Title | td: | Personal name subject | na:, na=, naw= | na:, na= | Yes | |||
| Descriptors | de:, de= | Yes de: in FS Yes de= in Conx & FS |
Publisher | pb:, pb= | Yes | |||
| Dewey Decimal class number | dd: | Yes | Publisher location | pl: | Yes | |||
| Dewey Decimal edition number | d2: | Yes in FS | Publisher number (Conx) (called "Music number" in FS) |
mn:, mn= | See "Music number" | Yes | ||
| Format/Document type | dt= | Report number | rn: | Yes | ||||
| Genre/Form | ge:, ge= | Yes | RVM subject | hr:, hr=, hrw= | hr:, hr= | Yes | ||
| Geographic coverage | gc:, gc= | Yes | Sears subject | hs:, hs=, hsw= | hs:, hs= | Yes | ||
| Government document number | gn: | Yes | Series | se:, se=, sew= | se:, se= | Yes | ||
| Holding library | li: | Standard number | sn:, sn= | Yes sn: in FS | ||||
| Holding library group | zu: | (none) | Subject (note: only whole phrase index available in FS) | su:, su=, suw= | su:, su=, sa= | Yes | ||
| Internet | mt: | Title | ti:, ti= , tiw= | ti:, ti= | Yes | |||
| ISBN | bn:, bn= | nb:, nb= | Yes in FS | Uniform title | ut:, ut=, utw= | ut:, ut= | Yes | |
| ISSN | in:, in= | ns:, ns= | Yes in FS | Unique serial title | tk:, tkw= | tk: | Yes | |
| ISSN link | ik:, ik= | (none) | --- |
|||||
| Keyword | kw: | Yes | Universal Decimal class number | ud: | Yes in FS | |||
| Language | la:, la= | ln:/ln=, la= | Yes la: in Conx Yes ln: in FS |
Update date | up: | Yes in FS | ||
| Language of cataloging | ll: | Yes | --- |
|||||
| LC children's subject | hc:, hc=, hcw= | hc:, hc= | Yes in FS Yes |
Vendor | vn: | Yes in FS | ||
| LC class number | lc: and lc= | Yes | Year | yr: | ||||
| Year2 | yy: | Yes | ||||||
Indexes by types of data used for searching
The following quick check list groups WorldCat indexes by the kind of data you might use to search (index labels are shown in the alphabetical list above):
| Classification number indexes | Name indexes | Qualifier indexes s (used with search terms to focus the search) |
|---|---|---|
Canadian class number Dewey Decimal class number LC class number NAL class number NLM class number Universal Decimal class number |
Corporate/Conference name Derived: Corporate/Conference name Derived: Name/Title (also under "Titles") Derived: Personal name Name ("Author" in FS) Personal name Publisher Vendor |
Cooperative program Format/Type Internet Language Language of cataloging Material type Microform Year (also under "Dates") |
| Date indexes | Number indexes | Subject indexes |
BC year Update date Year (also under "Qualifiers") Year2 |
Dewey Decimal edition number Government document number ISBN ISSN ISSN link LCCN National bibliography number OCLC control number Publisher number ("Music number" in FS) Report number Standard number |
Canadian subject Corporate/Conference subject Descriptors Geographic coverage (also under "Places") LC children's subject LCSH MeSH NAL subject Other subject Personal name subject RVM subject Sears subject Subject |
| General indeaxes | Origin of record or location of item indexes | Title indexes |
Access method Action note Character sets present Collection level Genre/Form Keyword Musical composition Musical incipit Notes |
Authentication code Cataloging source Country of publication Geographic coverage (also under "Subjects") Holding library Holding library group Local holdings Publisher location |
Derived: Name/Title (also under "Names") Derived: Title Series Title Uniform title Unique serial title |
Types of searches
Basic guidelines
- Index labels and punctuation required. Always use index labels followed by correct punctuation and then the search term–for example, kw:politics–unless you are selecting indexes from a list.
Exceptions: In a Connexion command line search and in a Firstsearch WorldCat and WorldCat Research Sharing expert search, index labels are not required for the following searches if they are the first or only element of a full syntax search:
- Derived searches
- ISBN search
- OCLC number search preceded by an asterisk (*) or number sign (#)
- Keyword index is the default. If you do not include an index label, the system uses the keyword index (kw:) as the default. See a description of the keyword index in "WorldCat index descriptions."
- Spacing.
- In Connexion, do not enter spaces between the index label and punctuation or between punctuation and the search term. Example: kw:software.
- In FirstSearch WorldCat searches, close up spaces or leave a space between punctuation and the search term. Example: kw:software or
kw: software.
- Case. Index labels and search terms can be upper- or lowercase or a combination.
- Stopwords. The system ignores common words in some types of searches. You can omit them from search terms. See a list of stopwords for keyword searches and a list for derived name searches in sections below that cover these search types.
- Non-Latin scripts in searches. Use any supported non-Latin script for Worldcat searches in the Connexion client or FirstSearch interfaces. Currently supported non-Latin scripts include: Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Devanagari, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Tamil, and Thai scripts.
Treatment of initial articles in searches
Omit initial articles in the following types of searches:
- Beginning of these searches:
- Derived title
- Derived corporate name
- Title word and phrase browsing (index scanning)
- Keyword searches: stopwords are not indexed. (See list of keyword stopwords later in this section.)
- Title phrase (ti=) searches: The system automatically ignores English articles a, an, and the.
See a comprehensive list of initial articles on the Library of Congress Web site.
Notes:
- If a word listed as an initial article on the LC Web page is the first word of a search but has a different meaning (for example, ein or un used to mean one, or thé used to mean tea), include the word in a search.
- In cataloging, a second indicator of 1 or higher in a field indicates how many initial character spaces to ignore for indexing, filing, and sorting.
Word, phrase, or whole phrase searches
Many WorldCat keyword and numeric indexes are searchable and browsable separately by words, phrases, and whole phrases. Index labels and punctuation distinguish whether you want to find a word, phrase, or whole phrase in an index, as shown in the following table:
| Search by ... | Format of index label | System finds | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Word | xx: | Word or number anywhere in indexed field | Publisher: pb:dakota Dewey Class Number: dd:616 LC Class Number: lc:z5074.g8 |
| Phrase | xx= | Complete data in indexed subfield | Personal name phrase: pn=james, henry Publisher phrase: pb=namgyal institute of tibetology |
| Whole phrase Note: Only one whole phrase index (Subject All sa=) is available in expert FirstSearch WorldCat and WorldCat Resource Sharing searching. |
xxw= FirstSearch WorldCat and WorldCat Resource Sharing indexes do not include w. |
Complete data in indexed field, across all indexed subfields | Connexion only: Personal name whole phrase: pnw=james, henry 1843-1916 Connexion subject whole phrase: suw=library science computer network resources FirstSearch WorldCat and WorldCat Resource Sharing subject whole phrase: sa=library science computer network resources |
Note: Use the same index labels and punctuation for browsing.
- In a Connexion command line search, precede with the Scan command (sca) and a space.
Example:
sca ti:buddenbrooks - In the FirstSearch WorldCat and WorldCat Resource Sharing expert search screen, click the browse button,
, and use the browse screen to enter a full syntax browse (do not enter Scan command).
Example:
ti:buddenbrooks
Guidelines for word, phrase, and whole phrase searches
Word indexes:
- Enter multiple words in a string (do not separate with Boolean and) to find any instance of any term in a single index.
Example:
ti:asian crisis - Enclose more than one word in quotation marks to find the exact sequence of the words.
Example:
ti:"asian crisis" - Combine words with proximity operators with (w) or near (n) and an optional number (1 to 25) to find the exact sequence of the words or the sequence with no more than the specified number of words between. (See "Combine, qualify, expand searches" for more details.)
Example:
ti:asian w2 crisis
Phrase indexes:
- Include all subfield data, or truncate using the asterisk (*).
Example: pb=namgyal institute*
Alternative: Browse for the phrase: [sca ]pb=namgyal institute
Use the scan (sca) command in a Connexion command line search; in FirstSearch and Resource Sharing, you must use the browse button,, to enter a browse term). Browsing automatically truncates phrases. (See "Combine, qualify, expand searches" for more details.)
- Retain periods in classification numbers.
- Omit initial articles in titles.
- Retain the first comma for personal name indexes if it is not the last element in the subfield.
- Retain hyphens in dates.
- Omit other punctuation.
Whole phrase indexes:
- Most whole phrase (or mapped phrase) indexes are not available for searching WorldCat in FirstSearch or Resource Sharing, except for the Subject whole phrase index (index label sa=) which is same as Connexion Subject whole phrase index (label suw=).
- Enter all field data, or truncate using an asterisk (*).
Example: suw=library science computer* (Connexion)
Example: sa=library science computer* (FirstSearch and Resource Sharing)
Alternative: Browse for the whole phrase: In Connexion, enter sca suw=library science computer. Use the Scan (sca) command in Connexion only. In FirstSearch WorldCat and WorldCat Resource Sharing, click the Browse icon, and enter sa=library science computer. Browsing automatically truncates a phrase. - Omit initial articles in titles.
- Retain the first comma for personal name indexes if it is not the last element in the subfield.
- Retain hyphens in dates.
- Include parentheses when present in a whole phrase search term, but enclose the entire search term in quotation marks (") so that the system does not interpret the parentheses as a nested search.
- Combine word, phrase, or whole phrase searches in more than one index with Boolean operators. (See "Combine, qualify, expand searches" for more details.)
Numeric searches
Searching for numbers–accession numbers, such as the OCLC control number or LCCN; standard numbers, such as an ISBN or ISSN; or a class number, such as a Dewey or Library of Congress classification number–is one of the most efficient ways to search.
A number search can retrieve a single record (for example, by its unique ISBN) or precisely related records (for example, by class number). Numbers are usually unique to a single record or group of related records.
A number search is simply entering a number as a keyword. Follow these general guidelines to search for significant numbers in records:
- Type all numbers and letters.
Tip for entering ISBNs ending in x: If you use the number keypad, truncate the number using the asterisk key (*). - Omit spaces.
- Omit punctuation, except keep periods (.) in classification numbers.
Keyword searches
A keyword is any word that is part of a record's bibliographic information and is significant or descriptive enough to retrieve the record(s) you need.
A word is any character(s) between two blank spaces:
- Initials and abbreviations are words.
- Words with characters attached by punctuation marks, such as an apostrophe, are not yet normalized in the system (that is, they are not indexed together so that a search term with or without the character retrieves the same records).
For now, you can enter both forms combined with OR to retrieve all appropriate records.Example: To search the title index for l'étranger, type ti:etranger or letranger.
- For hyphenated words:
- In Connexion: Substitute a space for the hyphen (system treats as two words). If searching a word index rather than a phrase index, enclose the two parts of the hyphenated word in quotation marks to find the words together in sequence.
- In FirstSearch WorldCat and WorldCat Resource Sharing: You can either enter the hyphen or substitute a space. The system searches for the two words next to each other.
- Keywords can be combined in searches. Type a string of words to search a single index for any instance of the words in indexed fields (enclose words in quotation marks to find the words together in exact sequence) or combine with Boolean operators (and, or, not) to search multiple indexes.
Examples:
ti:asian crisis
ti:asian and su:crisis
Stopwords for keyword searches
The system ignores the following common words in a keyword search statement:
| a | but | he | it | so | to | you |
| an | by | her | its | than | was | |
| and | for | his | not | that | were | |
| are | from | if | of | the | when | |
| as | had | in | on | their | which | |
| at | has | into | or | there | with | |
| be | have | is | she | this | would |
To use any of these words as search terms, enclose them in quotation marks.
Example: To search for the title And Then There Were None, which includes three stopwords, type ti:"and" then "there" "were" none.
Derived searches
Derived searching reduces the number of keystrokes you enter.
A derived search uses a specific number of initial characters from sequential words in a name or title.
- The "derived" segments of the words are separated by commas.
- A word is defined the same as for keyword searching (any character(s) between two blank spaces).
- The number and pattern of letters and commas tells the system which derived index to search.
- In a Connexion command line search or a FirstSearch/Resource Sharing expert search, using the derived search index label and punctuation is optional if it is the first or only element of the search.
Always use index labels and punctuation when combining a derived search with a search in a different index.
The following table describes the four types of derived searches:
| Index | Index label | Number of initial letters and commas | Minimum key (see general notes) | Index-specific notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Title | td: | 3,2,2,1 | None | Cannot use circumflex. |
| Personal name | pd: | 4,3,1 | 4,1,blank | |
| Corporate/conference name | cd: | =4,3,1 | 4,1,blank | Leading equal sign (=) distinguishes this index from personal name index if you enter without a label. |
| Name/Title | nd: | 4,4 | 4,4 | For records without 1xx fields, minimum key can be blank,4. |
General notes:
| ||||
Follow these general guidelines for constructing derived searches:
- Even if a name or title has fewer words than the derived search sequence calls for, type all commas.
Example:
To search for the title Roots, type td:roo,,,. - Omit initial articles "a," "an," and "the" and their non-English equivalents from title searches or segments, but include if they appear anywhere else in titles. (See initial articles listed on the Library of Congress Web site.)
- Include letters and numbers.
- Exclude non-alphabetic and non-numeric characters.
- Exclude punctuation and diacritics.
- If a personal name begins with Mc or Mac followed by an uppercase letter, type m and omit c or ac; if followed by a lowercase letter, include c or ac
Example: To search for MacDonald, Marion B., type pd:mdon,mar,b. To search for Macdonald, Andrew T., type pd:macd,and,t.
- For constructing segments of a personal name search:
- Use the first four characters of the surname, the first three characters of the forename, and optionally, the first character of the middle name, separated by commas.
- The surname includes all words that appear before the first comma.
- Compound or hyphenated surnames: When constructing a derived name search or name segment, treat all parts of a name up to the first comma as the first element of the derived search, whether they are separated by a space or a hyphen.
Examples:
Type pd:vanh,car,j to find Van Huell, Carolus Johannes.
Type pd:lima,moy, to find Li-Marcus, Moying.
- Forename only: If the comma is the last element of the subfield, or if there is no surname, treat each part of a name as separate segments. Treat a hyphenated name as two separate parts.
Examples:
Type pd:whit,bul, to find White Bull.
Type pd:li,min,t to find Li-Min Tau.
Type pd:henr,vii,k to find Henry VIII, King of England.
- For constructing a derived title search or title segment for hyphenated words, treat the words as separate.
Example: Type td:asy,di,va,i to find Asymmetrically-distributed variations in traveler-perceived travel times....
- Do not construct derived searches using non-Latin script data.
Stopwords for derived name searches
Omit the following words as the first segment only from a corporate/conference name and from the name portion of a name/title search.
| & | Congress | International | North Carolina | Texas |
| a | Connecticut | Iowa | North Dakota | the |
| Alabama | Council | Joint | of | U.N. |
| Alaska | Delaware | Kansas | Office | U. N. |
| American | Department | Kentucky | Ohio | United Nations |
| an | Dept. | Louisiana | Oklahoma | United States |
| and | Division | Maine | on | University |
| Arizona | East | Maryland | Oregon | U.S. |
| Arkansas | Federal | Massachusetts | Organization | U. S. |
| Association | Florida | Meeting | Parliament | Utah |
| at | for | Michigan | Pennsylvania | Vermont |
| Australia | France | Minnesota | Rhode Island | Virginia |
| Board | Georgia | Mississippi | School | Washington |
| Bureau | Great Britain | Missouri | Seminar | West |
| California | Hawaii | Montana | Senate | West Virginia |
| Canada | House | National | Society | Wisconsin |
| College | Idaho | Nebraska | South | Workshop |
| Colloquium | Illinois | Nevada | South Carolina | Wyoming |
| Colorado | in | New Hampshire | South Dakota | |
| Commission | India | New Jersey | State | |
| Committee | Indiana | New Mexico | Subcommittee | |
| Commonwealth | Institute | New York | Symposium | |
| Conference | International | North | Tennessee |
Examples:
| Omit initial stopwords in search for... | Enter search as... |
|---|---|
| Corporate author Great Britain Forestry Commission of map(s) published in 1985 | cd:fore,com,/1985 |
| Corporate author United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights | cd:econ,soc,a |
| Corporate name Indiana Supreme Court and title Race and gender fairness | nd:supr,race |
Browsing
Browsing scans an index with the intent of finding a matched term or the closest matching term, rather than retrieving records. Selecting a term in a browse results list then retrieves the relevant record(s).
Each index description in "WorldCat index descriptions" notes whether the index supports searching only or both searching and browsing.
Browse WorldCat using:
- A word that appears anywhere in indexed fields and subfields.
Or - An exact phrase (complete subfield) or whole phrase (complete field), starting with the first word and including all words (but excluding initial articles in titles). The phrase you enter is matched character by character, from left to right, against the characters of the phrase in the index you specify.
The system returns a list of terms showing a match or the closest match, along with terms that precede and follow the matching term. When you open an entry on the list, you see the record or a list of records retrieved for that term.
Follow these general guidelines for browsing:
- Include up to 60 letters, numbers, spaces, or these characters: ( ) &
- Omit initial articles and non-English equivalents from titles (as listed on the Library of Congress Web site).
- Include hyphens or substitute a space (system treats as two words).
Example:
sca td:asymmetrically distributed finds both titles, Asymmetrically-distributed variations... and Asymmetrically distributed information....
- Do not use qualifiers, wildcards, or combined terms for browsing.
Tips for browsing
- Truncation. Browsing provides automatic truncation without using the truncation symbol. Type only as many characters or words as needed.
Example: To browse for the title Let Us Now Praise Famous Men, type tiw=let us now praise famous - Browse for titles.
- Use the title phrase index (ti=) to browse for title/subtitle combinations. The title browse index includes 245 ‡b.
- In Connexion: Use the title whole phrase index (tiw=) to browse for a title proper (cataloger-constructed title access point). The index excludes 245 ‡b.
- In FirstSearch WorldCat and WorldCat Resource Sharing: Use the Subject All index (sa=) in expert searches. Subject All is the only whole phrase index available in FirstSearch/Resource Sharing.
Combine, qualify, expand searches
Combine searches
Use the Boolean operators shown in the following table for combining search terms to narrow or broaden searches:
| Boolean operator | What the operator does | Example |
|---|---|---|
| and | Finds all terms anywhere in a record. | su:wom?n and ti:history and gc:new york and yr:1970- |
| or | Finds any single term or all terms. | pn=woolf, virginia or pn=woolf, leonard and yr:1900-50 |
| not | Excludes the term that follows not. | ti=civil war not su:battle not gc=united states |
Use the following proximity operators to indicate relationship and, optionally, position of search terms in relation to each other:
| Proximity operators | What the operator does | Example |
|---|---|---|
| with (or w) |
Finds both terms, in the order typed, with no words between. | ti:aluminum w wiring Alternate: |
| Followed by a number (1 to 25), finds both terms, in the order typed, with no more than the specified number of words between. | ti:aluminum w2 wiring | |
| near (or n) |
Finds both terms, in any order, with no words between. | ti:moon n eclipse |
| Followed by a number (1 to 25), finds both terms, in any order, with no more than the specified number of words between. | ti:chicken n3 egg |
Nesting. Boolean searches can be nested using parentheses.
| Example: ut:(civil w1 war) and (battlefield w1 command*) |
Include an operator as a keyword in a search. To use and, or, not, with, or near as part of a search statement, enclose it in quotation marks to prevent the system from treating it as an operator.
| Example: To search for the title Neighbors Near and Far which includes near and and, normally treated as operators, type ti:neighbors "near" "and" far. |
Guidelines for combining searches
- Type operators between search terms to combine them.
- Do not use Boolean or proximity operators and, or, not, with, or near for browsing (scanning indexes).
- Do not use proximity operators with or near for derived searches.
- Do not truncate a music publisher number or government document number in a combined search; type the complete number.
Qualify searches
Qualifying a search is combining numeric, keyword, or derived search terms with qualifer indexes and supported values using Boolean operators and or not.
Examples:
su:scotland and mt:map and yr:2000-
cn:microsoft and yr:2003 not mt:url
Qualifysearches to make them more precise and narrow your results. Each qualifier index listed below is described in detail in "WorldCat.index descriptions."
Although in the Connexion command line or in the FirstSearch/Resource Sharing expert search, you can search using the following "qualifier" indexes alone, but alone they are likely to retrieve too many records. Qualifier indexes are meant to be combined with other indexes to limit a search by a specific attribute.
- Material type:
Limits a search to one of over 100 specific material types (see the list in "WorldCat index descriptions" or see the table of indexed values in "Format and material type values indexed"). - Years of publication:
Limits a search to a year or range of years. - Microform or not microform:
Limits a search to microforms or excludes microforms. - Cooperative programs:
Limits a search to records produced by the Library of Congress (LC) or LC cooperative programs. - Internet or not internet:
Limits a search to Internet resources or excludes Internet resources. - Language:
Limits a search to items in a specific language. - Holding library:
Limits a search to items held by a specific library.
Guidelines for qualifying searches
- Qualifiers can appear in any order in a search.
- In Connexion searches and for FirstSearch/Resource Sharing derived searches only: The following qualifiers can either be entered with an index label and colon or appended to a search with slashes:
- Format/Document type
Examples:
cn:microsoft and mt:vis or cn:microsoft/vis (Connexion)
=harv,uni,/map or cd:harv,uni, and mt:map (Connexion, FirstSearch, Resource Sharing) - Year
Examples:
tiw=myth of sisyphus/1955 or tiw=myth of sisyphus and yr:1955 (Connexion)
myt,of,si,/1955 or td:myt,of,s, and yr:1955 (Connexion, FirstSearch, Resource Sharing) - Microform
Example:
cn:microsoft and mf:mic or cn:microsoft/mic (Connexion) - Cooperative programs (cataloging source)
Examples:
ti:paper airplanes/dlc (Connexion)
ti:paper airplanes and dl:y or td:pap,ai,,/dlc (Connexion, FirstSearch, Resource Sharing)
- Format/Document type
- To use slash qualifiers with derived searches in FirstSearch/Resource Sharing expert searches, the derived search must be the first or only element of a search.
- If you use slash qualifiers:
- Type as the last element(s) of a search.
- Use only one of each type listed above, in any order.
Example:
ovid,meta/bks/dlc/1600-99
- You cannot qualify browse terms.
Expand or focus searches using wildcards and truncation
Use the following wildcard and truncation symbols to expand or focus searches:
| Symbol | Function | How to use | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| # (number sign) |
Wildcard | Replace one character in a search. | wom#n retrieves woman and women |
| ? (question mark) Or ?n (question mark followed by a number from 1 to 9) |
Wildcard | Replace any number of unknown characters.
Or Followed by a number, replace the specified number of unknown characters. |
encyclop?dia retrieves encyclopedia and encyclopaedia re?4tion retrieves recreation, refraction, relaxation, etc. |
| * (asterisk) |
Truncation | Add to the end of a word to retrieve variant endings. | connect* retrieves connect, connection, connectivity, etc. |
Result: The system retrieves up to 300 matches to search terms when you use wildcards or truncation.
Guidelines for using truncation and wildcard symbols
- Precede a truncation or wildcard symbol by at least three characters.
- For non-Latin script search terms in Connexion client and FirstSearch/Resource Sharing, truncation can be used for Bengali, CJK (Chinese, Japanese, and Korean), Devanagari, Tamil, and Thai scripts only. For other supported non-Latin scripts, use browsing for automatical truncation.
Examples of qualified searches
Each search in the following table is shown as both a keyword/numeric search and a derived search.
| Keyword and numeric search examples | Derived search examples |
|---|---|
| Dewey decimal number 616, 1980 to the present: dd:616 and yr:1980- Alternatively, in Connexion only: dd:616/1980- |
Title Chicago Manual of Style, 1956 to the present: chi,ma,of,s/1956- |
| Subject Scotland, maps, 2000 to the present: su:scotland and mt:map and yr:2000- Alternatively, in Connexion only: |
Name Henry James, Internet resources only, 2000 to the present: pd:jame,hen, and mt:url and yr:2000-
|
| Name Microsoft, excluding Internet resources, 2005: cn:microsoft and yr:2005 not mt:url Alternatively, in Connexion only: |
Name/title Ovid's Metamorphosis, 1600 to 1699: ovid,meta/1600-99 Or nd:ovid,meta, and yr:1600-99 |
| Title To the Lighthouse, visual materials format: ti=to the lighthouse and mt:vis Alternatively, in Connexion only: |
Corporate/conference name Adrian College, 1970 to 1990: =adri,col,/1970-90 |
| Subject library, items in English, cooperative programs, 1995: su:library and la:eng and dl:y and yr:1995 (Connexion) Alternatively, in Connexion only: |
Title Sound of Music, DVD video format: sou,of,mu, and mt:dvv Or td:sou,of,mu, and mt:dvv |
Examples of qualified and/or combined searches
| Keyword and numeric search example | Derived search example |
|---|---|
| Name Albert Camus combined with title Myth of Sisyphus: pn=camus, albert and ti=myth of sisyphus Same search limited to items in French: pn=camus, albert and ti=mythe de sisyphe and la:fre |
Personal name James A. Michener combined with title Tales of the South Pacific: pd:mich,jam,a and td:tal,of,th,s Same search limited to books, 1974: pd:mich,jam,a and td:tal,of,th,s/bks/1974 |
Examples of combined and/or qualified searches with truncation or wildcard symbols
| Truncation and wildcard search examples |
|---|
| Subject woman or women with subject history and subject new york, limited to items published from 1990 to the present: su:wom?n and history and new york/1990- Title containing aluminum and wiring, within two words of each other: ti:aluminum w2 wiring |
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Treatment of special characters in Latin script searches
The following table of punctuation, diacritics, and special characters describes how to treat each character when you construct WorldCat search or browse terms. The characters listed are in the MARC-8 Latin script character set approved for MARC 21 cataloging.
Note on searches for non-Latin script data: The Connexion client supports using non-Latin script character sets for cataloging activities, including searching WorldCat. FirstSearch also supports non-Latin/non-roman script WorldCat searches. Non-Latin scripts currently supported include Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Devanagari, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Tamil, and Thai scripts.
| Name | Character | How to treat in search and browse terms |
|---|---|---|
|
æ or Æ |
æ or Æ |
Substitute the letters ae. |
|
Acute |
´ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Alif/modifier letter right half ring |
 |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Ampersand |
& |
Type. |
|
Apostrophe |
' |
|
|
Asterisk |
* |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
At sign |
@ |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Ayn |
 |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Backslash |
\ |
|
|
Brackets and bracketed information |
[ ] |
Omit and close up the space.
|
|
Breve |
˘ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
British pound |
£ |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Candrabindu |
 |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Cedilla |
¸ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Circle above letter (angstrom) |
 |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Circle below letter |
̥ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Circumflex, spacing or nonspacing |
^ |
|
|
Colon |
: |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Comma |
, |
|
| Copyright sign | © | Omit and close up the space. |
|
Crossed d |
Đ or đ |
Substitute the letter d. |
| Curly brackets | { } | Omit and close up the space. |
| Degree sign | |
Omit and close up the space. |
| Delimiter | ‡ | Omit, along with the single letter or number following it, and leave a space. |
|
Dollar sign |
$ |
Omit and leave a space. If used as a delimiter, also omit the single letter or number following it. |
|
Dot below letter |
̣ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Double acute |
˝ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Double dot below letter |
 |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Double tilde, first and second half |
︢ ︣ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Double underscore |
‗ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Equal sign |
= |
|
| Eszett |  |
Enter eszett, or enter a double s: ss. |
|
Eth |
ð |
Substitute the letter d. |
| Euro |  |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Exclamation point |
! |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Flat (musical) |
♭ |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Grave, spacing or nonspacing |
` |
Omit and close up the space, except include spacing grave in URLs. |
|
Greater than sign |
> |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Hacek |
 |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
High comma center |
 |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
High comma off center |
 |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Hooked o |
 or  |
Substitute the letter o. |
|
Hooked u |
|
Substitute the letter u. |
|
Hyphen (minus sign) |
- |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Icelandic thorn |
þ or Þ |
Substitute the letters th. |
|
Inverted (right) cedilla |
 |
Omit and close up the space. |
| Inverted exclamation point |  |
Omit and close up the space. |
| Inverted question mark |  |
Omit and close up the space. |
| Latin script letters | a - z | Type in upper- or lowercase. |
|
Left hook |
 |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Less than sign |
< |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Ligature, left and right |
︠ and ︡ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Macron |
¯ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Miagkii znak |
ʹ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Middle dot |
· |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Number sign |
♯ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Numerals |
0 - 9 |
Type. |
|
œ or Œ |
œ or Œ |
Substitute the letters oe. |
|
Parentheses |
( ) |
Omit and close up the space. Use only when nesting Boolean searches. |
|
Patent mark/subscript patent mark |
® |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Percent sign |
% |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Period (decimal point) |
. |
|
| Phonogram copyright |  |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Plus sign |
+ |
|
|
Plus/minus sign |
± |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Polish L |
ł or Ł |
Substitute the letter l (ell). |
|
Pseudo question mark |
̉ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Question mark |
? |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Quotation marks |
" |
|
|
Right hook |
 |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Scandinavian o |
 or  |
Substitute the letter o. |
|
Script L lowercase |
 |
Substitute the letter l (ell). |
|
Semicolon |
; |
Omit and leave a space. |
| Sharp (musical) |  |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Slash |
/ |
|
| Space |
| |
| Subfield delimiter | ‡ | (See "delimiter.") |
|
Subscript minus sign |
- |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Subscript numerals |
0 - 9 |
Substitute the numbers 0 - 9. |
|
Subscript parentheses |
( ) |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Subscript plus sign |
+ |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Superior dot |
˙ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Superscript minus sign |
- |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Superscript numerals |
0 - 9 |
Substitute the numbers 0 - 9. |
|
Superscript parentheses |
( ) |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Superscript plus sign |
+ |
Omit and leave a space. |
|
Tilde, spacing and nonspacing |
~ |
Omit and close up the space, except include spacing tilde in URLs. |
|
Turkish i |
ı |
Substitute the letter i. |
|
Tverdyi znak |
ʹʹ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Umlaut (dieresis) |
¨ |
Omit and close up the space. |
|
Underscore, spacing and nonspacing |
_ |
Omit and close up the space, except include spacing underscore in URLs. |
| Upandhmaniya |  |
Omit and close up the space. |
or 
back to top
Format and Material type values indexed
About the tables
The two tables in this section show values and other criteria indexed for each Format/Document type index (first table) and for each Material type index (second table).
For searching: To limit a search by a Format or by a Material type, enter the index label and a colon (mt:) followed by:
- The code shown in column 1 of the tables
Or - The name shown in column 2 of the tables
Exception: Slash qualifiers. In Connexion searches or in derived searches only in FirstSearch/Resource Sharing expert searches (if the derived search is the first or only element of the search), you can precede most primary Format/Document types with either a slash or the index label and colon, as shown in the first table.
Example:nd:mann,budd and mt:bks or nd:mann,budd/bks
How to read the tables:
- The first table shows indexed values for primary Format/Document type indexes.
- The second table shows values for Material type indexes (narrower subcategories). Both lists are alphabetized by Format and Material type name.
- Columns in the tables show values and/or criteria indexed two ways:
- Based on the Leader, 007, 008, and other criteria (unshaded rows [shading in PDF only])
And - Based on 006 fields (shaded rows [shading in PDF only)
- Based on the Leader, 007, 008, and other criteria (unshaded rows [shading in PDF only])
- Each row shows separate sets of values indexed for each format or material type. Each format or material type may have up to six possible sets of values.
- Values shown are in byte position 0 (first position), or if values are in another byte position, the position is shown following a slash:
Example: 008/23=s (the value s is in byte 23 of the 008). For element labels see Bibliographic Formats and Standards or OCLC-MARC Records.
Values indexed: Format/Document type
| Code | Name | Indexed values | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Record type and Bib level | 006 | 007 | 008 | Other critiera | |||
| Leader/06 | Leader/07 | ||||||
| bks Or /bks |
Book Also search by text |
a, t | a, c, d, m | ||||
| a, t | |||||||
| com Or /com |
Computer file Also search by elr |
m | |||||
| m | |||||||
| cnr
Or /cnr |
Continuing resource | [any] | s, b, i | ||||
| s | |||||||
| url | Internet resource Note: Currently, the books format also retrieves Internet resources. |
m | 856 u is present and indicator 2=0 | ||||
| a, c, d, i, j, p, t | 008/23=s | 856 u is present and indicator 2=0 | |||||
| e, f, g, k, o, r | 008/29=s | 856 u is present and indicator 2=0 | |||||
| map Or /map |
Map | e, f | |||||
| e, f | |||||||
| mix Or /mix |
Mixed materials Also search as archival material |
p, t, d, f | |||||
| Leader/08=a | |||||||
| p, t, d, f | |||||||
| sco Or /sco |
Musical score Also search by mus |
c, d | |||||
| c, d | |||||||
| rec Or /rec |
Sound recordings | i, j | |||||
| i, j | |||||||
| vis Or /vis |
Visual material | g, k, o, r | |||||
| g, k, o, r | |||||||
Note: In Connexion command line searches or FirstSearch/Resource Sharing expert derived searches (if derived search is first or only element of search), enter codes either with the index label and colon (mt:) or with the slash, as shown above. .
Values indexed: Material types
| Code | Name | Indexed values | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Record type and Bib level | 006 | 007 | 008 | Other critiera | |||
| Leader/06 | Leader/07 | ||||||
| ngr | 2-D image | k | |||||
| k | |||||||
| k | |||||||
| art | 3-D object Also search by artifact |
r | |||||
| r | |||||||
| 312 | 3.5 in. disc Also search by 3.25 in. disk |
c and 007/04=a |
|||||
| m | 300 b or 300 c contains 3 1/2 in or 3.5 in | ||||||
| 514 | 5.25 in. disc Also search by 5.25 in. disk |
c and 007/04=o | |||||
| m | 300 b or 300 c contains 5 1/4 in | ||||||
| 45s | 45 rpm | s and 007/01=d and 007/03=c |
|||||
| i, j | 300 b, 305 b, or 305 c contains 45 r | ||||||
| 78s | 78 rpm | s and 007/01=d and 007/03=d |
|||||
| i, j | 300 b, 305 b, or 305 c contains 78 r | ||||||
| shs | Adolescent Also search by juv and juvenile |
a, t | a, c, d, m | 008/22=d | |||
| c, d, g, i, j, k, m, o, r | 008/22=d | ||||||
| a, c, d, g, i, j, k, m, o, r, t and 006/05=d |
|||||||
| anm | Animation | g | 008/34=a | ||||
| g and 006/17=a | |||||||
| arc | Archival material | p, t, d, f | |||||
| Leader/08=a | |||||||
| p, t, d, f | |||||||
| acp | Article | a, t | a | ||||
| rep | Artwork reproduction | k and 007/01=f |
|||||
| k | 008/33=c | ||||||
| k and 006/16=c | |||||||
| atl | Atlas | a and 007/01=d |
|||||
| e, f | 008/25=e | ||||||
| e, f and 006/08=e | |||||||
| bta | Beta Also search by vca or video or videocassette |
v and 007/04=c |
|||||
| bdt | Bibliographic data | m | 008/26=e | ||||
| m and 006/09=e | |||||||
| bio | Biography | a, t | a, c, d, m | 008/34=a, b, c, d | |||
| a, t and 006/17=a, b, c, d |
|||||||
| i, j | 008/30 or 008/31=a, b |
||||||
| i, j and 006/13 or 008/14=a, b |
|||||||
| blu | Blu-ray Also search by vdc or videodisc |
g | v | "Bluray," "Blu ray," "Blueray," or "Blue ray" in: 538 a 300 (any subfield) 250 a 500 a (at the beginning) Ignores case, parentheses, and brackets. |
|||
| g | 007/04=s | ||||||
| brl | Braille | a, c, d, p, t | 008/23=f | ||||
| a, c, d, p, t and 006/06=f |
|||||||
| e, f, k | 008/29=f | ||||||
| e, f, k and 006/12=f |
|||||||
| f and 007/01=b |
|||||||
| 245 h contains braille | |||||||
| cas | Cassette | s and 007/01=s |
|||||
| i, j | 300 a or 305 a contains cassette(s), lower- or uppercase | ||||||
| cda | CD audio Also search by CD and CDs |
s and 007/01=d |
538 a or start of 500 a contains compact disc(s) or compact disk(s) or CD-ROM(s) in upper- or lowercase, ignoring brackets or parentheses | ||||
| i, j | 538 a or start of 500 a contains compact disc(s) or compact disk(s) or CD-ROM(s) in upper- or lowercase, ignoring brackets or parentheses | ||||||
| s and 007/01=d and 007/03=f but notDVD |
|||||||
| s and 007/01=d and 007/06=g but not DVD |
|||||||
| i, j | 300 c contains 4 3/4 inbut notDVD | ||||||
| cdc | CD for computer Also search by CD or CDs to get audio, video and computer CDs |
c and 007/04=g | |||||
| m | 300 c contains 4 3/4 in | ||||||
| m | 538 a or start of 500 a contains compact disc(s) or compact disk(s) or CD-ROM(s) | ||||||
| cgl | Celestial globe Also search by glb to get all types of globes |
d and 007/01=a |
|||||
| cht | Chart | k and 007/01=n | |||||
| k | 008/33=n | ||||||
| k and 006/16=n | |||||||
| cig | Clipart images graphics Also search by clipart |
m | 008/26=c | ||||
| m and 006/09=c | |||||||
| cgm | Computer game Also search by game |
m | 008/26=g | ||||
| m and 006/09=g | |||||||
| cnp | Conference publication | a, t | 008/29=1 | ||||
| a, t and 006/12=1 | |||||||
| dio | Diorama | r | 008/33=d | ||||
| r and 006/16=d | |||||||
| dct | Document | m | 008/26=d | ||||
| m and 006/09=d | |||||||
| dva | DVD audio Also search by DVD and DVDs to get all video and audio DVDs |
s and 007/01=d |
538 a or the start of 500 a contain DVD(s), in upper- or lowercase, ignoring brackets or parentheses | ||||
| i, j | 538 a or the start of 500 a contain DVD(s), in upper- or lowercase, ignoring brackets or parentheses | ||||||
| dvv | DVD video Also search by DVD or DVDs or vdc or videodisc to get all video and audio DVDs |
g | 538 a or start of 500 a contains DVD(s), in upper-or lowercase, ignoring brackets or parentheses | ||||
| egl | Earth globe Also search by terrestrial globe |
d and 007/01=c |
|||||
| elc | Electronic | a, c, d, i, j, p, t | 008/23=s | ||||
| a, c, d, i, j, p, t and 006/06=s |
|||||||
| e, f, g, k, o, r | 008/29=s | ||||||
| e, f, g, k, o, r and 006/12=s |
|||||||
| m | |||||||
| m | |||||||
| fic | Fiction | a, t | a, c, d, m | 008/33=1, f, j | |||
| a, t and 006/16=1, f, j |
|||||||
| i, j | 008/30 or 008/31=f | ||||||
| i, j | 006/13 or 008/14=f | ||||||
| mot | Film Also search by motion picture |
m | |||||
| g | 008/33=m | ||||||
| g and 006/16=m | |||||||
| flm | Filmstrip | g | 008/33=f | ||||
| g and 007/01=c, f, o |
|||||||
| g and 006/16=f | |||||||
| crd | Flash card | k and 007/01=o |
|||||
| k | 008/33=o | ||||||
| k and 006/16=o | |||||||
| fnt | Font | m | 008/26=f | ||||
| m and 006/09=f | |||||||
| gam | Game | r | 008/33=g | ||||
| r and 006/16=g | |||||||
| e, f | 008/34=n | ||||||
| e, f and 006/16=n | |||||||
| e, f | 00833=n | ||||||
| e, f and 006/17=n | |||||||
| gsc | Geological section | a and 007/01=s |
|||||
| glb | Globe Includes all globe types: cgl, pgl, and pgl |
d | |||||
| e, f | 008/25=d | ||||||
| e, f and 006/08=d | |||||||
| gpb | Government publication Includes all government publication types: igp, lgp, ngp, and sgp |
a, e, f, g, k, m, o, r, t | 008/28=o or z | ||||
| a, e, f, g, k, m, o, r, t and 006/11=o or z |
|||||||
| grp | Graphic | k | 008/33=k | ||||
| k and 006/16=k | |||||||
| int Or /int |
Integrating resource | [any] | i | ||||
| s and 006/04=d, l, or w | |||||||
| a, t | s, b | ||||||
| s and 008/21=d, l, or w | |||||||
| imm | Interactive multimedia | m | 008/26=i | ||||
| m and 006/09=i | |||||||
| igp | International government publication Also search by gpb for all government publication types |
a, e, f, g, k, m, o, r, t | 008/28=i | ||||
| a, e, f, g, k, m, o, r, t and 006/11=i |
|||||||
| jau | Juvenile (no specific age) Also search by juv for all juvenile types |
a, t | a, c, d, m | 008/22=j | |||
| c, d, g, i, j, k, m, o, r | 008/22=j | ||||||
| a, c, d, g, i, j, k, m, o, r, t and 006/05=j |
|||||||
| juv | Juvenile Includes all juvenile types: shs, jau, ejh, pre, and pri |
||||||
| kit | Kit | o | |||||
| o | |||||||
| o | |||||||
| lpt | Large print | a, c, d, p, t | 008/23=d | ||||
| a, c, d, p, t and 006/06=d | |||||||
| e, f, k | 008/29=d | ||||||
| e, f, k and 006/12=d |
|||||||
| lgp | Local government publication Also search by gpb for all government publication types |
a, e, f, g, k, m, o, r, t | 008/28=c, l | ||||
| a, e, f, g, k, m, o, r, t and 006/11=c, l |
|||||||
| lps | LP Also search by 33 1/3 rpm |
s and 007/01=c and 007/03=b |
|||||
| s | 300 b, 305 b, or 305 c contains 33 1/3 r | ||||||
| mss | Manuscript | d, f, t | |||||
| d, f, t | |||||||
| mcm | Manuscript cartographic mataerials | f | |||||
| f | |||||||
| mmu | Manuscript music | d | |||||
| d | |||||||
| mmc | Master microform Also search by mic or microform for all microform types |
h and 007/11=a, b |
|||||
| mcd | Micro-opaque Also search by micro-card Or search by mic or microform for all microform types |
h and 007/01=g |
|||||
| a, c, d, p, t | 008/23=c | ||||||
| a, c, d, p, t and 006/06=c | |||||||
| e, f, k | 008/29=c | ||||||
| e, f, k and 006/12=c |
|||||||
| mfc | Microfiche Also search by mic or microform for all microform types |
h and 007/01=a, e, f |
|||||
| a, c, d, p, t | 008/23=b | ||||||
| a, c, d, p, t and 006/06=b | |||||||
| e, f, k | 008/29=b | ||||||
| e, f, k and 006/12=b |
|||||||
| mfl | Microfilm Also search by mic or microform for all microform types |
h and 007/01=b, c, d |
|||||
| a, c, d, p, t | 008/23=a | ||||||
| a, c, d, p, t and 006/06=a | |||||||
| e, f, k | 008/29=a | ||||||
| e, f, k and 006/12=a |
|||||||
| mic | Microform Gets all microform types |
h |
Record does not also have these coded values:
| ||||
| |||||||
| msl | Microscope slide | r | 008/33=p | ||||
| r and 006/16=p | |||||||
| mdl | Model | r | 008/33=q | ||||
| r and 006/16=q | |||||||
| mmp | Model map | a and 007/01=q |
|||||
| mp3 | MP3 | i, j | 256 a, 538 a, or start of 500 a contains MP3(s) or mp3(s) | ||||
| msr | Musical recording | j | |||||
| j | |||||||
| ngp | National government publication Also search by gpb for all government publication types |
a, e, f, g, k, m, o, r, t | 008/28=f | ||||
| a, e, f, g, k, m, o, r, t and 006/11=f | |||||||
| new | Newspaper | a, t | s, b | 008/21=n | |||
| s and 006/04=n | |||||||
| nsr | Non-musical recording | i | |||||
| i | |||||||
| ndt | Numeric data | m | 008/26=a | ||||
| m and 006/09=a | |||||||
| oss | Online system or service | m | 008/26=j | ||||
| m and 006/09=j | |||||||
| oar | Original artwork | k and 007/01=c, d, e, j |
|||||
| k | 008/33=a | ||||||
| k and 006/16=a | |||||||
| pal | PAL | g | 538 a or start of 500 a contains PAL, in uppercase, ignoring punctuation | ||||
| pan | Partial animation | g | 008/34=c | ||||
| per | Periodical | a, t | s, b | 008/21=p | |||
| s and 006/04=p | |||||||
| g and 006/17=c | |||||||
| pht | Photograph | k and 007/01=g, h |
|||||
| pic | Picture | k and 007/01=i |
|||||
| k | 008/33=i | ||||||
| k and 006/16=i | |||||||
| pgl | Planetary globe Also search by lunar globe Or Search by glb for all globe types |
d and 007/01=b, e |
|||||
| ejh | Pre-adolescent Also search by juv and juvenile for all juvenile types |
a, t | a, c, d, m | 008/22=c | |||
| c, d, g, i, j, k, m, o, r | 008/22=c | ||||||
| a, c, d, g, i, j, k, m, o, r, t and 006/05=c |
|||||||
| pre | Preschool Also search by juv and juvenile for all juvenile types |
a, t | a, c, d, m | 008/22=a | |||
| c, d, g, i, j, k, m, o, r | 008/22=a | ||||||
| a, c, d, g, i, j, k, m, o, r, t and 006/05=a |
|||||||
| pri | Primary school Also search by juv and juvenile for all juvenile types |
a, t | a, c, d, m | 008/22=b | |||
| c, d, g, i, j, k, m, o, r | 008/22=b | ||||||
| a, c, d, g, i, j, k, m, o, r, t and 006/05=b |
|||||||
| pgm | Program Also search by computer program |
m | 008/26=b | ||||
| m and 006/09=b | |||||||
| pgr | Projected image | g | |||||
| g | |||||||
| pcm | Published cartographic materials | e | |||||
| e | |||||||
| pmu | Published music | c | |||||
| c | |||||||
| rbj | Real object (realia) Also search by realia |
r | 008/33=r | ||||
| r and 006/16=r | |||||||
| rtr | Reel-to-reel tape | s and 007/01=t |
|||||
| rsi | Remote-sensing image | a and 007/01=r | |||||
| r | |||||||
| rll | Roll | s and 007/01=q |
|||||
| scm | SECAM | g | 538 a or start of 500 a contains SECAM in upper- or lowercase | ||||
| ser Or /ser |
Serials | [any] | s, b | Can use as slash qualifier | |||
| s and 006/04=d, l, or w |
|||||||
| mse | Series | a, t | s, b | 008/21=m | |||
| s and 006/04=m | |||||||
| sld | Slide | g and 007/01=s |
|||||
| g | 008/33=s | ||||||
| g and 006/16=s | |||||||
| snd | Sound Also search by sound effects |
m | 008/26=h | ||||
| m and 006/09=h | |||||||
| sgp | State or province publication Also search by gpb for all government publication types |
a, e, f, g, k, m, o, r, t | 008/28=a, m, s | ||||
| a, e, f, g, k, m, o, r, t and 006/11=a, m, s | |||||||
| tch | Technical drawing | k and 007/01=l |
|||||
| k | 008/33=l | ||||||
| k and 006/16=l | |||||||
| deg | Thesis/dissertation | 502 is present | |||||
| toy | Toy | r | 008/33=w | ||||
| r and 006/16=w | |||||||
| trn | Transparency | g and 007/01=t |
|||||
| g | 008/33=t | ||||||
| g and 006/16=t | |||||||
| upd | Updating database Also search by continuing update or interating resource |
a, t | s, b | 008/21=d | |||
| s and 006/04=d | |||||||
| upl | Updating loose-leaf Also search by continuing update or interating resource |
a, t | s, b | 008/21=l | |||
| s and 006/04=l | |||||||
| upw | Updating website Also search by continuing update or interating resource |
a, t | s, b | 008/21=w | |||
| s and 006/04=w | |||||||
| vhs | VHS Also search by vca or video or videocassette for all videocassettes |
v and 007/01=f and 007/04=b |
|||||
| g | 538 a, 300 a, 300 b, or start of 500 a contains VHS, in upper-or lowercase, ignoring brackets or parentheses | ||||||
| vca | Videocassette | v and 007/01=f but not 007/04=b |
538 a, 300 a, 300 b, or start of 500 a does not contain VHS, in upper- or lowercase, ignoring brackets and parentheses | ||||
| vdc | Videodisc | v and 007/01=d |
538 a or start of 500 a does not contain DVD, in upper- or lowercase, ignoring brackets and parentheses | ||||
| vid | Videorecording Also search by video |
v | |||||
| g | 008/33=v | ||||||
| g and 006/16=v | |||||||
| wxc | Wax cylinder | s and 007/01=e |
|||||
| web | Web access | Subfield u is present, indexed the same as for access method index (see "WorldCat index descriptions") | |||||
| wrr | Wire recording | s and 007/01=w |
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