Connexion Client Glossary [OCLC]

AACR2: Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Second Edition. The national/international standard for cataloging library materials. The rules are "designed for use in the construction of catalogues and other lists in general libraries of all sizes. The rules cover the description of, and the provision of access points for, all library materials commonly collected at the present time." The rules are maintained by the Joint Steering Committee for Revision of AACR and published by the American Library Association, the Canadian Library Association, and the Library Association.
access keys: In the client interface, underlined letters on menus, submenus, and commands, sometimes referred to as "hot keys." Access keys, preceded by <Alt>, are keystrokes for executing commands. Example: <Alt><V><U> opens the User Information window in the client opens the OCLC Connexion Logon dialog. Access keys are alternatives to assigned keystroke shortcuts and function keys. See also function keys.
access to records: Names, titles, keywords, subjects, codes, dates, and other data in bibliographic and authority records are indexed in a searchable database file such as WorldCat to make the records identifiable and retrievable.
Action menu: A set of Connexion commands for taking final OCLC actions on records.
action status: Indicator in a bibliographic record that designates what actions have been taken and the outcome of each action. If taken, the following actions appear in the status bar of a displayed record: Delete Holdings, Export, Label, Produce, Replace, Update Holdings and Validate. For each action taken, a one-character code indicates that the action completed successfully (C) or failed (F).
ALA: American Library Association. The leading professional association for public and academic libraries and librarians in the United States.
Alternate Produce and Update: Command on the Action menu used the same way as Produce and Update Holdings, but with options for ordering extra catalog cards in addition to those specified by an OCLC cataloging profile. See also Produce and Update Holdings.
ANSI: American National Standards Institute. A non-profit national clearinghouse founded in 1918 to facilitate standardization by voluntary consensus in the United States in both the public and private sectors and to coordinate and administer standards of all types. ANSI membership includes over 1,400 companies, organizations, government agencies, and other institutions. The United States is represented by ANSI in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Standards for library and information science are developed by the National Information Standards Organization (NISO), a non-profit association accredited by ANSI. The Institute publishes the quarterly newsmagazine ANSI Reporter and the weekly e-newsletter What's New? See also NISO; ISO.
ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange. A standard computer character code set, consisting of alphanumeric characters, punctuation, and a few control characters (such as a carriage return). Each ASCII character consists of 7 information bits and 1 parity bit for error checking.
Authorities menu: A set of Connexion client commands for working with authority records, including searching and browsing the Authority File, including access to authority history records.
authority control: Verifies a heading in a bibliographic record against the Library of Congress Authority File and, if a matching authority record exists, links the heading to the corresponding authority record. If the authority record is updated, the controlled (linked) heading in bibliographic records is updated automatically.
authority history record: Copies of all distributed Library of Congress authority file records, superseded versions of distributed records, and deleted records. Retrieve these records in Connexion client using Authorities > Show > LC Distributed Version or LC Superseded Versions or using Authorities > Search > LC Names and Subjects History.
authorization number: Number assigned by OCLC to authorize use of OCLC services. Usually used in conjunction with a password. See also password, default holding library code.; Your authorization is tied to your OCLC cataloging profile, which defines the type of cataloging work you do in Connexion.

Batch menu: A set of Connexion client commands for batch processing WorldCat or Authority File searches and final actions set on saved records, including access to reports showing the results.
batch processing in Connexion client: In Connexion client, the process of sending and completing a group of searches for bibliographic and/or authority records and/or a group of final actions in WorldCat all at once. Using client local files (files stored on the Connexion client cataloger's workstation), the cataloger enters search strings and/or marks saved records for actions and then initiates batch processing. The client automatically logs on to the system, runs the WorldCat searches and/or processes record actions, and produces reports, accessible in the client, for the results.
batch processing limits in Connexion client: None. Batch processing is limited only by the size of your hard drive. Note: Local files used for batch processing are limited to storing no more than 9,999 records. However, Connexion users can run as many local files as you want in a single batch.
batchloading: A process by which records to be processed are collected into batches. The records in a batch are loaded all at once. See OCLC Batchloading services.
Bibliographic Formats and Standards: Guide to machine-readable cataloging records in WorldCat. This guide provides tagging conventions, input standards and guidelines for entering information into WorldCat. (Available on the OCLC Web site at https://www.oclc.org/bibformats/.)
Books format: OCLC-MARC format used for cataloging books and book-like material. In WorldCat searches, use the Books index (label: bks) as a qualifier to limit results to records for this type of material.
Boolean operators: AND, OR, and NOT. Used to combine search terms. AND finds only records that contain both terms. OR finds records that contain either term. NOT finds records that contain the first term but not the second term. Combining search terms produces more precise and manageable search results.
Boolean logic (searches): A system of logical thought developed by English mathematician George Boole (1815-64). A Boolean search combines key concepts or search terms with the logic operators AND, OR and NOT to specify the exact information required in a database search.
brief list: In Connexion, default display of WorldCat search results when a search retrieves 2 to 5 records. Each entry presents selected bibliographic data.
browse: Scan an index for a match or the closest match to a term (word, phrase, or whole phrase) in records. The system matches the exact text string—character by character, from left to right—against the characters in the specified index. Produces a browse list that highlights the closest match and shows the number of records for each term in the list. Clicking an entry opens the record or a record list, if multiple records match.

Cancel Changes: Command on the Edit menu used to discard all changes made to the current record since you began to edit it.
case-insensitive: Describes data you can enter in uppercase, lowercase, or mixed case. You do not have to match the case exactly.
case-sensitive: Describes data you must enter exactly as it appears, matching upper- and lower-case.
Cataloging menu: A set of Connexion client commands for searching or browsing WorldCat, searching online and local save files or constant data files, creating records and more.
cataloging source qualifier: Qualifier index (label cs=) that can be used to limit WorldCat searches to records contributed by a specific library identified by its OCLC symbol (for example, cs=ocl).
Note: To limit searches to records contributed by the Library of Congress or by specific LC cooperative programs, use cooperative programs index (label dl:) with value y (dl:y).
classification number: The part of a call number, usually a combination of letters and numbers, used to classify library resources by subject area using a particular classification system.; Number assigned to a library item based on a standard classification scheme, such as the Dewey Decimal Classification or the Library of Congress classification scheme, to arrange in a logical, retrievable place in the library collection.
Close All: Command on the Window menu used to close all open list and record windows.
Close Window: Command on the Window menu used to close the active (topmost) window.
combine searches: See qualifier; Boolean operators.
command line search: A type of Connexion WorldCat search that allows you to type (1) any complete keyword, numeric, or derived search in a single string, including index labels, qualifiers, and Boolean operators, or (2) a browse string, including the Scan (sca) command and index label in the format sca xx:. Note: The equivalent search capability in FirstSearch/Resource Sharing is called an "expert search."
Computer File format: OCLC-MARC format used for cataloging the following classes of electronic resources: computer software (including programs, games, fonts), numeric data, computer-oriented multimedia, and online systems or services. In WorldCat searches, use the Computer File index (label: com) as a qualifier to limit results to records for this type of material.
Connexion: See OCLC Connexion.
Connexion client interface: See OCLC Connexion client.
Connexion browser interface: See OCLC Connexion browser.
constant data record: A partial record that contains standardized content for reuse in creating or editing a record without having to retype each time the content is reused. Constant data records are created by and shared among librarians at a given institution for cataloging and resource sharing activities.; Connexion client users can create constant data records for bibliographic or authority records. Connexion stores constant data records online.
context-sensitive Help: Topic you open using <F1> or a Help button in a dialog window to describe each feature of the dialog.
Continuing Resources format: OCLC-MARC format used for cataloging items issued over time with no predetermined conclusion. The Continuing Resources format includes serials and ongoing integrating resources. In WorldCat searches, use the Continuing Resources index (label: cnr) as a qualifier to limit results to records for this type of material.
Control Headings commands: Commands on the Connexion client Edit menu used to (1) find and link one heading or all headings in a record that match authority records or (2) uncontrol one heading or all headings.
Copy as Text: Command on the Edit menu used to copy selected text to the Windows clipboard in plain text (ASCII) format; can be pasted into non-Unicode applications.
copy cataloging: Using and modifying an existing bibliographic record for local use. OCLC creates and stores an archive record of the modifications at OCLC.
corporate/conference name derived search: See derived search.
CSD: See OCLC Customer Services Division (CSD).

database
default: Selections predetermined by the computer or an application on the computer in the absence of specific selections made by the user.; For example, the Connexion client pre-sets some options and supplies one of each type of local file (files are empty) when you first install ithe the program.
default holding library code: The holding library code that appears automatically in bibliographic field 049 (Local Holdings) when a user displays a bibliographic record in the Connexion client or browser cataloging interface. Each authorization number/password combination has a default holding library code. See also authorization number, password.
default settings: Settings and options that are preset in Connexion client when you install it. For example, the client provides default keystroke shortcuts for entering diacritics and special characters. You can change default settings to customize the program.
default values in workforms: Values automatically supplied in workforms (templates for creating MARC records), depending on the MARC format selected for the new record.
default WorldCat search results displays: System-determined displays of WorldCat search results as group, truncated or brief lists or as a full record. The default display type is based on the number of records the search retrieves.
Delete Holdings: Command on the Action menu used to remove your library's OCLC symbol from a record.
Delete Record: Command on the Action menu used to delete a record from the online bibliographic save file.
delimiter: Character (‡), followed by a single letter or number code, used to define the beginning of a subfield within a variable field in a MARC bibliographic or authority record. See also subfield.
For batchload services, the delimiter is entered as a dollar sign ($). If immediately followed by a lowercase letter or single numeral, OCLC converts the dollar sign into a delimiter. A $ followed by a numeral and period, two or more numerals, or a blank space is interpreted as a monetary value and is not converted.
derive new record: For cataloging in Connexion, using a pre-existing record to create a new record to to add to the system.
derived search: A type of WorldCat search that uses a specific number of initial characters from the words in a name and/or title. A shortcut way to enter a search. The "derived" segments of the words are separated by commas. The number and pattern of letters and commas tells the system which index to search. The four types of derived searches (with the pattern that defines it in parentheses) are: Title (3,2,2,1); Personal name (4,3,1); Corporate/Conference name (=4,3,1); Name/Title (4,4).
diacritic: A mark that modifies the phonetic value of another character or characters. It does not occur alone but is used in conjunction with another character. In records each diacritic occupies its own position, directly following the modified character, although the display shows correctly.
diacritics and special characters: A standard character set adopted by the ALA, widely used by libraries that catalog materials in Latin scripts. For best results in the client, use a Unicode-compliant font, such as the client default font, Arial Unicode MS, which is included with many Microsoft applications in Windows. Enter a diacritic in the position immediately following the character it modifies.
dialog: In Connexion, a window that opens when a command you issue requires input before a task can be completed or when you click a button to select options and settings. Most usually, called a "window" in Connexion client and a "screen" in Connexion browser. Dialogs provide text boxes, lists, buttons and other elements for entering data, making selections, and clicking more commands to tell Connexion what to do.

Edit menu: A set of Connexion client commands for editing records, including validating, controlling headings, working with non-Latin script data, deriving new records from existing ones, using constant data, and more.
Encoding Level (ELvl): The level of completeness of the bibliographic record according to MARC standards.
executable file: File that runs a software program. The client executable file is Connex.exe.
Export: Command on the Action menu used to export records from WorldCat or the Authority File to your local system. You can export to a file, a communications or printer (LPT) port, a communications connection (asynchronous or TCP/IP), or an OCLC Gateway connection to a local system. (Unavailable for workforms.)

File menu: A set of Connexion client commands to log on and off the online system; print records, lists, labels, or accessions lists; manage local files; import records into the client; or exit the program.
filing indicator: In bibliographic records, determines how many initial characters the system omits before indexing the field.
fill character: A black box or vertical bar in workforms that represents content that must have valid data, or where no attempt is made to provide data.
fixed field: In OCLC-MARC, as defined in OCLC Bibliographic Formats and Standards, the field in which mnemonic labels identify elements that contain coded information for describing the item and the record. The fixed field has a fixed length. It is a combination of various MARC 21 control fields.
format WorldCat search qualifier: Indexes used to limit a WorldCat search to records with a particular MARC format: books, computer files, continuing resources, integrating resources, maps, mixed materials, scores, serials, sound recordings, or visual materials.
full bibliographic record: The complete display of a bibliographic record, including all fields and subfields.
function keys: Keys and key combinations on the keyboard that transmit signals not associated with printable or displayable characters (examples: F1, F2, etc). In specific applications, such as OCLC Connexion, function keys are programmed to initiate commands.; See also keystroke shortcuts.

group list: Default display of WorldCat search results when a search retrieves 101 to 1500 records. Groups of records are sorted by type of material and year of publication. Clicking an entry opens a record or another list, depending on the number of records represented. 1500 is the maximum number of WorldCat records that can be retrieved.
guided entry: In Connexion client, edit or create a field 006, 541, or 583 using text boxes and lists to enter or change data (Edit > Guided Entry > Edit or Insert 006 or Insert 541 or Insert 583). Select a MARC format for an 006 field you want to enter.

Hand Press Book (HPB): The HPB database includes records for European printing of the hand-press period (circa 1455-1830) from the Consortium of European Research Libraries (CERL), whose members represent national and university libraries in 16 countries. The database is available to CERL members only.
Help menu: A set of Connexion client commands to open Client Help, open MARC Field Help for a specific field in a displayed record, contact support, open a cataloging-related Web link, view the OCLC license agreement, or get information about the client software.
holdings: The total stock of materials, print and nonprint, owned by a library or library system, usually listed in its catalog. Synonymous in this sense with library collection. In a narrower sense, all the copies, volumes, issues, or parts of an item owned by a library, especially a serial publication, indicated in a holdings statement in the record representing the item in the catalog. Holdings can be recorded in the MARC 21 Format for Holdings Information.; 1) OCLC institution symbols attached to a record, indicating libraries that own the item described by the record. 2) The collective resources owned or held by the library.

ILS: Integrated Local System. See local system.
index: A detailed alphabetical or numerical list for a specific kind of bibliographic data provided by the system for retrieving a record or sets of records from a database such as WorldCat.
index label: A two- or three-character code followed by a colon or equal sign that indicates to the system the index against which to match a search term.
indicators: Each variable field in a MARC record has two indicators that follow the tag. The indicators supply information to the system for indexing, card production and other system functions. Values can be blank or numbers 1 - 9.
initial article: Articles (the, an, a, and non-English articles) that are the first word in a title or corporate name.
institution: A library, a library system, an organization, or a part of a library, library system, or organization.
institution record (IR): A bibliographic record attached to a WorldCat master record that contains additional cataloging data specific to the library that contributes the IR. Bibliographic institution records are the result of incorporating "cluster" records from the RLG Union Catalog into WorldCat during the integration of RLG (Research Libraries Group) into OCLC.; Examples of added data include local call numbers, holdings locations within the contributing library, and local or copy-specific notes. All OCLC catalogers can retrieve, copy and paste, export, or print IRs. Only IR contributors using a logon authorization that includes IRs can create, add, delete, and move their own IRs.
integrated local system (ILS): See local system.
ISBN: See International Standard Book Number (ISBN).
ISSN: See International Standard Book Number (ISBN).
issue: A unique document that is part of a serial that could be identified by words, numbers, or date of publication.

keymap: A file of keystroke shortcut assignments. The Connexion client provides a default keymap of preassigned shortcut keys. Most shortcut keystrokes are customizable.
keystroke shortcuts: Key combinations that let you perform actions using the keyboard rather than the mouse. You can use shortcuts to navigate the Connexion interface, take actions on records, view and navigate Help, edit records, insert diacritics and special characters, run macros, and navigate lists.; The Connexion client provides default keystroke shortcuts that you can customize (set your own), restore, or disable in Tools > Keymaps. The client also provides access keys as alternatives to function keys.
keyword index: Default WorldCat search index (the system searches this index if a search has no specified index. Indexes a single word in a record, but other keyword search terms or qualifiers. can be combined.
keyword search: A type of search that uses a complete word, usually combined with other keywords.; A type of search that allows you to use key words or phrases or numbers, specific indexes, and qualifiers, with the option of combining with other key words or phrases in other indexes using Boolean operators.

Label: Command on the View menu used to display (and print) a label for the current record, based on data extracted from the record. The program determines the classification scheme for a label by the authorization you use to log on to the system.
label file: A file created by catalogers using the OCLC Label Program (if using the Connexion browser) or using the Connexion client, which has a built-in label program.
LCCN: See Library of Congress Control Number.
LHR: See local holdings record (LHR).
Library of Congress: The research arm of the Congress of the United States, established in 1800 and located in Washington, D.C. Although not officially a national library, the Library of Congress (LC) provides services appropriate to a national library. LC also administers the U.S. copyright system, serving as the nation's copyright depository.
LC is the primary source of original cataloging in the United States. Machine-readable cataloging (MARC) and cataloging-in-publication (CIP) programs originated at the Library of Congress.
Library of Congress Control Number: An accession number assigned by the Library of Congress. The LCCN is usually a two- or four-character number representing the year, followed by a hyphen and up to six numbers. The Library of Congress formerly referred to control numbers as card numbers.
Library of Congress Subject Headings: Formal and consistent vocabulary words derived from the U.S. Library of Congress classification system used to describe the subject of a work.
local data: Data in a record that is pertinent only to the institution cataloging the record. For example, local processing information and cataloger's notes are local data. Certain 9xx fields are reserved for local data. Local data is not preserved in the master record.
local holdings maintenance: OCLC service that helps libraries maintain accurate, current holdings information by providing a library's holdings for materials in any format, including serials. Formerly called Union Listing.
local holdings record (LHR): The OCLC record used to contain and exchange holdings data for WorldCat records. Local holdings records form the basis for local holdings displays. The records are based on the MARC 21 Holdings format.; OCLC Connexion client provides a command on the Tools menu to launch the Local Holdings Maintenance service in a separate Connexion browser screen for catalogers to maintain LHRs for their libraries.
local system: An institution's computer system that manages cataloging, acquisitions, circulation, serials and/or an online catalog. If elements of a local system are designed to interact, can be called an Integrated Local System (ILS).
Lock Master Record: Lock the master record for editing in WorldCat or the Authority File. A master record is the version of the record available to all users; it does not include local data for any library. Other users can retrieve the record or edit it locally while you have the master record locked for editing.; Command on the Action menu used to lock a master record in WorldCat for editing. See also master record.
Logoff: Command on the File menu used to disconnect from Connexion.
Logon: Command on the File menu used to connection to OCLC Connexion (integrated online cataloging service).

Maps format: OCLC-MARC format used for cataloging cartographic material, such as maps, atlases, globes, digital maps. In WorldCat searches, use the Maps index (label: map) as a qualifier to limit results to records for this type of material.
MARC: Machine-Readable Cataloging. An international standard digital format for the description of bibliographic items developed by the Library of Congress during the 1960s to facilitate the creation and dissemination of computerized cataloging from library to library within the same country and between countries. By 1971, the MARC format had become the national standard for dissemination of bibliographic data and by 1973, an international standard.
Several versions of MARC are in use internationally, the most predominant of which is MARC 21, created in 1999 as a result of the harmonization of U.S. and Canadian MARC formats. UKMARC is used primarily in the United Kingdom. UNIMARC is widely used in Europe. Besides formats for bibliographic records, the MARC 21 family of standards now also includes formats for authority records, holdings records, classification schedules, and community information.
MARC-8 character sets: Approved character sets for MARC 21 cataloging as defined in MARC 21 Specifications for Record Structure, Character Sets, and Exchange Media at http://www.loc.gov/marc/specifications/speccharucs.html. Subsets of UTF-8 character sets.
See also non-Latin scripts; UTF-8 Unicode character sets.
MARC-8 character verification/CJK conversion: Validate MARC-8 characters in records separately from record validation. From the Edit menu, use MARC-8 Characters > Verify to highlight invalid characters in red or a client user-selected color. Use Clear to clear highlighted characters. To convert invalid CJK characters to MARC-8-equivalent characters, use Convert to MARC-8 CJK (this function is not dependent on first verifying the CJK characters).
MARC record: See MARC.
matches: The number of times the system identifies a search term, or the number of records retrieved as a result of a search.
master record: Version of WorldCat or LC Authority File records available to all OCLC Connexion catalogers. A master record does not include local data for any library. Catalogers can retrieve a record, edit it, and export it to their local system, even when the master record is locked by another user. Adding, replacing, setting or deleting holdings on master records or working with bibliographic institution records requires Full cataloging level or higher.
maximum field/record size: Bibliographic records must meet size limits defined in MARC21 standards. The number of characters in a field cannot exceed 9,999. The number of characters in a record cannot exceed 99,999. These limits apply to records you catalog using Connexion and to those provided by the OCLC MARC Subscription service. The system capacity for a field in a record in WorldCat is 9,999 characters.
Medical Subject Headings: Formal and consistent vocabulary words and phrases used to describe the subject of a medical work. MeSH is provided by the National Library of Medicine for medical and health sciences libraries.
MeSH: See Medical Subject Headings.
metadata: Literally, "data about data." Structured information describing information resources/objects for a variety of purposes. Although AACR2/MARC cataloging is formally metadata, the term is generally used in the library community for non-traditional schemes such as the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, the VRA Core Categories, and the Encoded Archival Description (EAD). Metadata has been categorized as descriptive, structural, and administrative. Descriptive metadata facilitates indexing, discovery, identification, and selection. Structural metadata describes the internal structure of complex information resources. Administrative metadata aids in the management of resources and may include rights management metadata, preservation metadata, and technical metadata describing the physical characteristics of a resource
metadata extraction: See extraction.
MFHD: See MARC 21 Format for Holdings Data.
Mixed Materials format: OCLC-MARC format used for cataloging materials in two or more forms that have accumulated by or about a person or body, excluding instructional materials, which are coded as Type: o (Kit). Includes archival material and mixed manuscript materials such as text, photographs, and sound recordings. In WorldCat searches, use the Mixed Materials index (label: mix) as a qualifier to limit results to records for this type of material. See also kit.
My Status: Custom status you can assign to a saved bibliographic record or a bibliographic constant data record. Lets you enter up to 40 characters of free text (such as a name, identifier, or note) to help you identify, retrieve and manage records. If present, My Status appears in the status bar of a displayed record.

NACO: Name Authority Cooperative Program. Name authority component of the Library of Congress Program for Cooperative Cataloging. NACO participants create and maintain authority records in the OCLC Authority File.
name/title derived search: See derived search.
non-Latin scripts: Character sets not based on Latin character sets. The Connexion client supports cataloging using the following non-Latin, MARC-8 scripts: Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, and Korean. The following UTF-8 Unicode character sets are also supported: Bengali, Devanagari, Tamil, and Thai.
See also MARC-8 character sets; UTF-8 Unicode character sets.
numeric search: A type of WorldCat search that allows you to search for records by number, such as ISBN or OCLC control number.

OCLC: Previously called Online Computer Library Center, Inc. and Ohio College Library Center. Nonprofit membership organization serving libraries around the world to further access to the world's information and reduce library costs by offering services for libraries and their users.
OCLC cataloging: OCLC's online services for cataloging library materials using WorldCat and for producing catalog cards, machine-readable records, and other offline products. Participating institutions retrieve bibliographic records, modify the information for local use, and then order the modified record from OCLC. Institutions also contribute new records and location information to WorldCat for items for which no record is found. Access to cataloging activities is provided by the Connexion client, Connexion browser, CatExpress, and Z39.50 cataloging.
OCLC Connexion: Integrated cataloging service that offers access to WorldCat, the OCLC Authority File and other online databases. The browser interface provides access via Internet Explorer or other browsers. The client interface provides access via Microsoft Windows-based software installed on user workstations. Both interfaces offer the same cataloging capabilities. Each also provides unique capabilities.The browser interface uniquely provides access to CatExpress, Dewey services, local holdings maintenance, and OCLC Selection and supports creation of pathfinders and other electronic resources. The client uniquely supports the use of macros, local files, offline cataloging, integrated label processing, using non-Latin scripts for cataloging, and batch processing searches and record actions.
OCLC Connexion browser: One of two interfaces to OCLC Connexion cataloging services and products. Introduced in mid-2002, the Web-browser-based interface provides the same access to cataloging in WorldCat as the Connexion client. The browser interface also provides some unique functions, including WebDewey and Abridged WebDewey, CatExpress, OCLC Selection, Pathfinders and Local Holdings Maintenance.
OCLC Connexion client: One of two interfaces to OCLC Connexion cataloging services and products. Introduced in the second half of 2003, the Windows-based software interface provides the same access to cataloging in WorldCat as the Connexion browser. The client interface also provides some unique functions, including the use of macros and an automatic macro recorder, extensive keyboard shortcut customization, integrated label printing, local files, offline cataloging, batch processing for searches and record actions, use of non-Latin-based multiscripts for cataloging, and more.
OCLC Customer Services Division (CSD): OCLC's user assistance and support contact desk that provides support for telecommunications, hardware, and software. Formerly called OCLC User and Network Support (UNS).
OCLC-MARC: OCLC's implementation of the MARC bibliographic format. See also MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data.
OCLC-MARC Subscription service: An OCLC service that provides OCLC-MARC bibliographic records through an OCLC Electronic Data Exchange (EDX) account for items on which an institution sent a Replace, Produce, Update, or Delete Holdings command in OCLC Cataloging.
OCLC Product Services Web: An OCLC Web site from which users retrieve labels, records, and reports from their OCLC Electronic Data Exchange (EDX) accounts. It also provides OCLC software downloads, macros, scripts, and labels. See also OCLC Electronic Data Exchange (EDX) account.
OCLC usage statistics: Reports available on the OCLC Web site on your library's use of OCLC services, including FirstSearch, Resource Sharing, and online cataloging using Connexion. Open from within the client (View > OCLC Usage Statistics).
OCLC User and Network Support (UNS): See OCLC Customer Services Division (CSD).
Open Windows: Command on the Window menu used to open a specific list or record window by the numbered order in which you first opened them.
Options: Command on the Tools menu used to set options for logon access and authorizations, exporting records, fonts for displaying and printing records and lists, using keymaps, printing labels, displaying records, customizing the toolbar, and assigning generic user tools.

parallel records: Records in WorldCat that describe a single resource, but which have been cataloged in different languages. For example, collation, notes, and subject headings are in different languages. See also allowable duplicate records.
password: A sequence of characters required to gain access to a computer system. Usually used in conjunction with an authorization number. See also authorization number , default holding library code.
PDF: Portable Document Format. The Adobe Acrobat standard that enables the same graphic display of a document on different platforms. Because the graphical display preserves hard-copy features such as page numbers, logical page breaks, tables of contents, etc., printing a PDF document makes a better hard copy than printing HTML-formatted documents. Most OCLC user documentation is available in PDF as well as HTML.
personal name derived search
phrase indexes: Search indexes used to search for an entire field or subfield in records. Phrase indexes are also browsable.
phrase search: Words, numbers, or character strings used to initiate a search for an entire field or subfield in a record. To enter a complete search string using a "command line" search in Connexion or an "expert" search in FirstSearch/Resource Sharing, use a phrase index label in the format xx=.
Example: To search for a personal name phrase, type pn=brooks, gwendolyn.
Print: Command on the File menu used to print a displayed record.
Print List: Command on the File menu used to print a displayed list.
Produce and Update Holdings: Command on the Action menu used to add an original record to WorldCat, add your library's OCLC symbol to a record (original or existing), and create offline cards or accessions lists based on your OCLC cataloging profile.
Profiles: Command on the Connexion client Tools menu used to create, delete, or switch the default user profile (set of client options and customizations) for those who need different settings to catalog for more than one library.
publisher number: Plate and publishers' numbers for printed music (scores); serial and matrix numbers for sound recordings; videorecording numbers for visual materials, and publisher numbers other than those for sound recordings, music, or videorecordings. The publisher number is located in field 028, subfield ‡a or field 262, subfield ‡c and is used for batchload matching. For example, B 07042 L.

qualifier: A means of limiting a WorldCat search to specific classes of records, for example: type of material (index label - mt:), years of publication (index label - yr:), microform or not microform (index label - mf:), cataloging source (index label - cs=). Qualifiers are elements from the bibliographic record that are used in combination with a search term to narrow a search.
qualify a search: A technique to make a search more precise by limiting results to specific classes of materials. Produces more manageable search results. See also qualifier.
qualify and combine searches: See qualifier; Boolean operators.

record: A machine-readable record in a database that contains bibliographic information about a separately cataloged library item, set, or serial. A record can describe a book, journal article, or any other library resource, including electronic resources. It also contains coded information used to retrieve and work with data. In WorldCat, a bibliographic record is in OCLC-MARC format.
record matching: Computer system operation that compares one record to another based on search criteria to determine a match.
record standard: A standard for representating and exchanging data in machine-readable form. See also record structure.
record statuses: Information stored with a saved record showing actions taken and whether they failed or succeeded, source of a record, custom-assigned My Status, position in cataloging workflow, and whether the record is edited. See also action status; My Status; source status; workflow status.
record structure: The order in which content designators and content appear in the record and/or file. Record structure can include such specifications as tape media, header, blocking techniques, and characters sets. The terms record standard and record structure are used interchangeably. See also content designation; content of the record
record type: Term that identifies the format, genre, or medium of a document for cataloging and for retrieving a specific type of record. Valid values vary by database. In FirstSearch/Resource Sharing searches, use the advanced or expert search screens to select a valid document type from the drop-down menu. In Connexion, type a full search in the command line of the Search WorldCat screen or window, or select from a dropdown list in the guided search area of the screen or window.
Reformat: Command on the Edit menu used to redisplay an edited record in correct tag order.
Release Record Lock: Command on the Action menu used to unlock a locked master record. Keeps your editing changes and switches you to local editing.
Replace and Update Holdings: Command on the Action menu used to replace the master record and add your library's OCLC symbol to the record. See also Replace Record.
Replace Record: Command on the Action menu used to overwrite the master record in WorldCat with your modified working copy. (Available only for specific records and purposes, as defined by your authorization.)
report number: Uniquely identifies a technical report; not a series number. There are two kinds: Standard Technical Report Numbers and other nonstandard numbers.
resolved record: A record that has been successfully processed through Batchload and then either matched to an existing record (including final action) or added to WorldCat.

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S

save file

In Connexion, a temporary online storage area for bibliographic or authority records that catalogers are in the process of creating, editing, reviewing, etc. Each library has a single online save file per logon authorization that is accessible to catalogers from that library only.

In the Connexion client only, catalogers can also use local save files while logged on or offline ("local" means that they are stored on a workstation or shared drive).

Online and local save files can store up to 9,999 records.

Save Record Online

Command on the Action menu used to save the displayed record in the online bibliographic save file (or resave it and restart save file aging). Sets expiration at 14 days for an existing record, at 28 days for a workform.

Scan

Command used to send a browse string to the system to scan indexes. See browse.

SCIPIO record

SCIPIO = Art and Rare Book Sales Catalogs. SCIPIO records cover art auction and rare book catalogs for sales from the late sixteenth century through the present. SCIPIO records were incorporated into WorldCat during the integration of RLG (Research Libraries Group) into OCLC.

Records are accessible via WorldCat indexes and via a scoped view that includes additional indexes and retrieves only SCIPIO records.

Scores format

OCLC-MARC format used to catalog musical scores. In WorldCat searches, use the Scores index (label: sco) as a qualifier to limit results to records for scores.

Search > Authority File

Command on the Authorities menu used to search the Authority File.

search history

In a Connexion Search WorldCat screen or window, search term input boxes have a popup or dropdown list that displays up to 10 previous searches.

search key

In Connexion client only, a search entered in command line format (full search syntax) and add to a list stored in a local file for batch processing.

Search > Online Constant Data

Command on the Cataloging menu used to search the online constant data database of records created by your library.

Search > Online Save File

Command on the Cataloging menu used to search the online bibliographic save file.

Search > WorldCat

Command on the Cataloging menu used to open the Search WorldCat dialog to search for bibliographic records using a command line, keyword, numeric, or derived search. See also command line search; keyword search; numeric search; derived search.

segment

One part of a derived search. See derived search.

session

Time between logon and logoff when an OCLC library is logged on to the OCLC system to use a production or service.

set holdings on a record

OCLC member libraries "set" their holdings by attaching their OCLC symbols to bibliographic records in WorldCat. Having OCLC symbols attached to a record establishes that the institution holds the item.

Set Status

Command on the Action menu used to enter a custom My Status or change workflow status. See also My Status; workflow status.

Show > By Online Save File Status

Command on the Cataloging menu used to search the bibliographic save file by workflow status, actions status, and/or source status. The dialog gives the number of records that have each status.

Show Default Constant Data

Command on the Cataloging menu used to open the constant data record currently designated as the default.

Sound Recordings format

OCLC-MARC format used to catalog sound recordings. In WorldCat searches, use the Sound Recordings index (label: rec) as a qualifier to limit results to records for sound recordings.

source

See cataloging source; cataloging source qualifier.

source status

Designates the source of a displayed record in Connexion: Derived, Extracted, Imported, Workform, OCLC, Pathfinder, URL. Source status is system-assigned and appears in the status bar of a displayed record.

special character

Alphabetic or phonetic character other than that used in modern English. In records, each special character occupies its own position, whether or not it is used in conjunction with another character. See also diacritic.

spell checker

A client tool to check spelling in a record (Tools > Check Spelling or <F7>).

statuses

See record statuses.

stopwords

Words to be omitted from a search because they are so common that they have no informational value. Stopwords are not indexed and are therefore ignored by the system if entered in a search. See stopword lists in the Help for Connexion or the Help for FirstSearch/Resource Sharing. Examples: a, an, and, or, and the.

subfield

The smallest unit of information in a variable field. Data in subfields is preceded by a delimiter (‡) and a single letter or number code. A subfield a (‡a) is implicit at the beginning of most fields (the delimiter and code do not display). See also delimiter.

subfield delimiter

See delimiter.

subject headings

The most specific word or phrase that describes the subject, or one of the subjects, of a work, selected from a list of preferred terms (controlled vocabulary) and assigned as an added entry in the bibliographic record to serve as an access point for retrieving records in a database.

A subject heading may be subdivided by the addition of subheadings (example: Libraries--History--20th century) or include a parenthetical qualifier for semantic clarification, as in Mice (Computers).

The use of cross-references to indicate semantic relations between subject headings is called syndetic structure.

The process of examining the content of new publications and assigning appropriate subject headings is called subject analysis.

subject scheme

Subjects categorize library material. Subject schemes (for example, Library of Congress Subject Headings [LCSH]) use a controlled vocabulary; that is, they use the same words to categorize the library material about the same subject. For example, an item about atomic structure and another item about neutrons can have the same subject entry, Nuclear physics.

subscription service

See OCLC-MARC Subscription service.

tag: The number of a variable field in a MARC record that identifies and distinguishes the field. Fields appear in tag group (numeric) order. Each number indicates what kind of data the field contains. Example: Field 245 is a title field.
title: A word, phrase, character, or group of characters, appearing on an information source that names the item.
title derived search: See derived search.
Toolbar Editor: Command on the Tools menu used to customize the toolbar by adding or removing buttons (drag and drop). The Editor contains buttons for all client commands.
Tools menu: A set of Connexion client commands for working with text strings, keystroke shortcuts, macros, user tools, and the client toolbar; for setting options, creating user profiles, and checking spelling or CJK characters; and for launching other Connexion Web services.
transliteration: Represent data in one script in the corresponding characters of another script in records.; Commands on the Edit menu for transliterating romanized data (Latin script-equivalent) in existing Arabic and Persian records to Arabic script data.
truncated list: Default display of WorldCat search results when a search retrieves 6 to 100 records.
truncation (*): Truncation allows you to search for a term and its variations by entering only the root of the term or phrase followed by an asterisk *. Use the truncation symbol only at the end of a term. See also wildcard (# or ?).
Type of material (format) qualifier (ft): Qualifier that limits search results to specific formats: books (bks), computer files (com), maps (map), mixed materials (mix), continuing resources (cnr), scores (sco), sound recordings (rec), or visual materials (vis).
Type of Record (Type): The element in the fixed field that differentiates records created for various types of machine-readable information and specific types of material. Codes used in Type of Record are also used in field 006.

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Undo

Command on the Edit menu used to cancel the last change made in a cell (cancels one change at a time).

unresolved record

A record that failed to match any database record after being processed by the matching algorithms of OCLC batchload services and was not added to the database via batchload processing.

UNS

See OCLC Customer Services Division (CSD).

Update Holdings

Command on the Action menu used to add an original record to WorldCat and to add your library's OCLC symbol to a record (original or existing).

URI

Uniform Resource Identifier. Provides electronic access data in a standard syntax. The URI is located in field 856, subfield ‡u and can be used during batchload matching.

URL

Uniform Resource Locator. Address or location of a Web page or other electronic resource.

user tools

Generic commands you assign in Tools > Options > User Tools to a menu item, macro, or a diacritic or special character.

UTF-8 Unicode character sets

USC Transformation Format-8—8-bit, byte-oriented encoding for Unicode characters. Includes, but not limited to, Basic Latin (ASCII) character subset and MARC-8 subsets of non-Latin characters (USC = Universal Coded Character Sets).

The Connexion client supports cataloging in the following four UTF-8 Unicode character sets: Bengali (character range U+0980 to U+09FF); Devanagari (character range U+0900 to U+097F); Tamil (character range U+0B80 to U+0BFF); Thai (character range U+0E00 to U+0E7F). The client also supports MARC-8 character sets.

validate: Run a manual system quality check of bibliographic and authority records to prevent records with errors from being added to or replaced in WorldCat or in the Library of Congress (LC) name and subject authority file using Edit > Validate. The system performs automatic validation on records when you Replace, Produce, Update, or Delete Holdings.
validation error: An error in the MARC format of a record as detected by OCLC system validation. Examples of validation errors include: invalid codes, tags, indicators and subfields, missing required elements, and repetition of non-repeatable fields. See also error rate.
variable field: Any field in a MARC record, consisting of variable control fields (00X fields) and variable data fields. Each variable data field has a tag identifier, indicators, and subfields preceded first by a delimiter (‡) and then by a single letter or number subfield code. Some variable fields may occur only once in a record; others can be repeated. Length of field data is variable. MARC 21 standards require that the number of characters in a field not exceed 9,999. See also fixed field; subfield.
View menu: A set of Connexion client commands for viewing a label or holdings for a record, user information, message of the day, OCLC news, or assigned shortcut keys; for determining the appearance of the fixed field in records, which toolbars display, or whether the status bar displays; for pinning a record of a specific type open; for navigating and sorting records and lists; and more.
Visual Materials format: OCLC-MARC format used for cataloging projected medium, nonprojected graphics, etc. In WorldCat searches, use the Visual Materials index (label: vis) as a qualifier to limit results to records for this type of material.

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W

WebDewey

A service for assigning Dewey Decimal class numbers in records for library items. Open a WebDewey session from within the client (Tools > Launch WebDewey).

whole phrase index

Search indexes used to search for entire indexed fields of records. Whole phrase indexes are also browsable.

whole phrase search

All words, numbers, or character strings used to initiate a search for an entire indexed field in records. To enter a complete search string using a "command line" search in Connexion, use a whole phrase index label in the format xxw= (where xx represents the label).

Note: FirstSearch/Resource Sharing supports only one whole phrase index—Subject. This index label has a different format; see example below.

For a whole phrase search, enter all field data or truncate using an asterisk.

Examples:

To search for a subject field in Connexion, type suw=library science computer* (field data is truncated).
To search for the same subject field in FirstSearch/Resource Sharing, type sa=library science computer* (field data is truncated).

wildcard (# or ?)

A special character used to represent one or more characters in a search term. The pound sign (#) represents a single character, and the question mark (?), alone or with a number, represents zero or more characters. Wildcards must be preceded by at least three characters in a term. Example: wom#n retrieves women or women; col?r retrieves color or colour. See also truncation (*).

Window menu

A set of Connexion client commands used to arrange open windows or icons for minimized windows, close a window or all windows, or select a window from a list of all open windows.

word

For searching purposes, any character or group of characters between two blank spaces, including initials or abbreviations.

word indexes

Search indexes used to search for a word or number in specific indexed fields of records. Word indexes are also browsable.

word search

A word, number, or character string used to initiate a search for a word in an indexed field in records. To enter a complete search string using a "command line" search in Connexion or an "expert" search in FirstSearch/Resource Sharing, use a word index label in the format xx:.

Example: To search for an OCLC control number, type no:10998406 (or #10998406 or *10998406).

workflow status

Designates a record's position in the cataloging workflow. You select one of the following from a system-supplied list: Completed, In Process (default), In Review, or New. Workflow status appears in the status bar of a displayed record.

workform

An OCLC-MARC template used to create an original record or local holdings record. The system automatically supplies some of the appropriate fields and data, depending on the format you select for the material you are cataloging.

working copy

A copy of the master record, displayed on the user's screen. When the user edits the working copy, the master record remains unchanged. Also called "editing locally."

WorldCat

A database of tens of millions of online records built from the bibliographic and ownership information of contributing libraries. The WorldCat database is the largest and most comprehensive of its kind. OCLC members use WorldCat for a full array of technical library services, including cataloging, interlibrary loan, reference, union listing, local holdings, and many more.WorldCat is the foundation of many OCLC services that let your library process, manage and share information resources. And with its records now opened to Web search, bookselling and bibliography sites, holdings in your collection are even more easily located and obtained by both your local patrons and a broad-based Internet usership.

Connexion client glossary

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