檢索

亞洲太平洋地區 (Chinese Traditional) 變更

WorldCat support Documentation OCLC Authorities User Guide Comments? Abstract & revision notesAbout this Guide 1 Introduction 2 Accessing the OCLC Authority File 3 Authority Record Displays 4 Phrase Searching 5 Numeric Searching 6 Keyword and Command Line Searching in OCLC Connexion

7 Derived Search Key Searching

7.1 Overview 7.2 Constructing Derived Search Key Searches 7.3 Index Labels 7.4 Rules for Derived Search Key Searches 7.5 Error Messages/Revising Searches 7.6 Search Results (Summary Description) 7.7 Reviewing Search History 8 Viewing Search Results 9 Editing Authority Records 10 Using Save Files 11 Creating and Using Constant Data 12 Exporting Authority Records 13 Creating and Updating OCLC Authority File Records (NACO Only) A Passport Commands B Types of Records and Displays C OCLC Authority Record Format D Indexed Fields and Subfields E Change Requests Authorities Glossary

7 Derived Search Key Searching

Chapter overview

This chapter describes derived search key searching within the OCLC cataloging service. Derived search key searching is available in the OCLC® interfaces as shown below:

Interface	Yes	No
OCLC ConnexionTM browser
OCLC ConnexionTM client
OCLC Cataloging Micro Enhancer® (CatME)
OCLC Passport software (Passport)

7.1 Overview

Derived search key searching uses partial terms/names or initials in combination with a unique character pattern for each index label. You create the search by typing groups of characters called segments, with each segment separated by a comma. Each segment has a maximum number of characters.

Derived search key searching is available in CatME™ and Passport.

Derived search key searching may be used for names, topical subjects or uniform titles.

Access points, indexes and index labels

The system indexes certain types of information (personal names, uniform titles, subjects) in authority records. Each type of indexed information is called an access point.

• Each access point has an index label. The index label indicates which index you want the system to search.

• The system then matches your search text and index label against the index and retrieves matching record(s).

• For a record to be retrieved by a derived search key search, it must match all the segments entered in the search.

See section 7.3, "Index Labels," for more information and for examples of index labels.

Search results

The results of a derived search key search may be:

• A quickview list

• A truncated list

• A brief list

• A single authority record (full record)

back to top

7.2 Constructing Derived Search Key Searches

To construct a derived search key search, you must perform these steps:

• Enter the appropriate search segments.
• Specify the index to be searched.
• Identify the search as a derived search key search.
• Signal the system to perform the search.

The order in which you perform these steps varies depending upon which OCLC® interface you are using.

CatME

	Action
1	Log on to OCLC Cataloging (if not logged on).
2	On the Search menu click OCLC Online, or click on the toolbar or press < F2 >. Result: The Search OCLC Online dialog box opens.
3	Specify the database: Click to open the Default Database list and select Authority FIle. Or Enter the database indicator AF: in the Query box.
4	In the Query box, enter an Authority File derived key search and click Find or press < Enter >. Result: CatME sends the search to the OCLC system.

Example: Enter dn kiss,hen, click Authority File (AF:), click Find.

Passport

To perform a derived key search in Passport, enter a Find (fin) command at the Home position with the Authority File selected.

	Action
1	At the Home position, with the Authority File selected, enter the Find (fin) command: fin [index label] [search segments] Example: fin dn kiss,hen,
2	Press < F11 > to start the search.

Alternate method

CatME and Passport you can replace the index label and fin command with a left bracket ( [ ) followed by the search segments (no space). The following searches produce identical results:

CatME dn kiss,hen,  [kiss,hen,

Passport fin dn kiss,hen, [kiss,hen,

back to top

7.3 Index Labels

The following table shows the index labels that are used with derived search key searches.

Access Point	Index Label	Characters per segment
Name (personal, corporate, conference, or geographic)	dn	4,3,1
Topical subject (includes children's)	ds	5,3
Uniform title	dt	3,2,2,1

The following table shows phrase search examples for all index labels in each interface.

Examples:
Access Point	CatME Index Label      example	Passport Index Label     example
Personal names: Dorothy L. Sayers	dn   dn saye,dor,l	dn   fin dn saye,dor,l
Corporations: World Wildlife Fund	dn   dn worl,wil,f	dn fin dn worl,wil,f
Conferences: Oxford Farming Conference	dn   dn oxfo,far,c	dn   fin dn oxfo,far,c
Places: London, England	dn   dn lond,eng,	dn   fin dn lond,eng
Titles: Women's Studies Monograph Series	dt   dt wom,st,mo,s	dt   fin dt wom,st,mo,s
Subjects (topical): Italian fiction	ds   ds itali,fic	ds   fin ds itali,fic

back to top

7.4 Rules for Derived Search Key Searches

The general rules apply to all types of derived search key searches. Specific rules for subjects, personal, corporate and conference names, and titles follow the general rules.

General rules

Enter the first segment of any access point. The succeeding segments are optional, but you must include the commas. Within each segment, you can enter the maximum number of characters or fewer. If a word has fewer characters than the maximum, enter the full word.

Characters included

• Standard Roman letters a–z (either lower- or uppercase)
• Numerals 0–9
• Special symbols: &, *, %, $, @, £,  ♭

Characters excluded

If the character occurs within a word or between two words and is not surrounded by spaces, delete the character and close up the space.

• Bracketed information
• Diacritics
• Punctuation
• Hyphen -
• Number sign #
• Mathematical symbols + - =
• Slash /
• Registered trademark ®
• Miagkii znak ʹ
• Tverdyi znak ʹʹ
• Alif
• Ayn
• Middle dot ·

Examples:
To search for...	CatME	Passport
O'Keefe, Georgia	dn okee,geo, or [okee,geo,	fin dn okee,geo, or [okee,geo,
Ben-Asher, Aaron ben Moses	dn bena,aar,b or [bena,aar,b	fin dn bena,aar,b or [bena,aar,b
Anglistik & [i.e. und] Englischunterrich	dt ang,&,en, or [ang,&,en,	fin dt ang,&,en, or [ang,&,en,
Saint-Saens, Camille	dn sain,cam, or [sain,cam,	fin dn sain, cam, or [sain,cam,
Carolrhoda mini-mystery	dt car,mi,, or [car,mi,,	fin dt car,mi, or [car,mi,,

Characters substituted

Use the substitute instead of the character.

Character	Substitute
Superscript 0123456789( )	corresponding standard character
Subscript 0123456789( )	corresponding standard character
Superscript or subscript   + -	space
a	alpha
b	beta
g	gamma
Æ æ	ae
Œ œ	oe
Đđ (Crossed d, eth)	d
ı (Turkish i)	i
łŁ (Polish l)	l
Ø ø (Scandinavian o)	o
(Hooked o)	o
þÞ(Icelandic thorn)	th
(Hooked u)	u

Initials and abbreviations as separate words

Treat initials and/or abbreviations separated by a space as separate words.

Examples:
To search for...	CatME	Passport
Milne, A. A.	dn miln,a,a, or [miln,a,a	fin dn miln,a,a or [miln,a,a
Tolkien, J. R. R.	dn tolk,j,r or [tolk,j,r	fin dn tolk,j,r or [tolk,j,r

Initials and abbreviations as single words

Treat initials or abbreviations without intervening spaces as single words.

Examples:
To search for...	CatME	Passport
B.C. law and practice papers	dt bc,la,an,p or [bc,la,an,p	fin dt bc,la,an,p or [bc,la,an,p
Bible. N.T. Revelation	dt bib,nt,re, or [bib,nt,re,	fin dt bib,nt,re or [bib,nt,re
E.A. Swift and Company (Seattle, Wash.)	dn ea,swi,a or [ea,swi,a	fin dn ea,swi,a or [ea,swi,a

Initial articles

Enter the initial article for the following types of headings:

• Surnames
• Established headings for corporate and conference names
• Geographic names
• Cross-references for established headings
• Actual words (not articles, e.g., A plus practices)

Initial articles are unlikely in established headings for topical subjects, corporate and conference names, and uniform titles.

A multilingual list of initial articles to omit is available on the OCLC Web site at: < http://www.oclc.org/support/documentation/worldcat/searching/userguide/appendixa/appendixa.htm >  >.

Since system indexing of initial articles depends on how the heading is input, search with and without the initial article to confirm the existence of the heading.

Personal names

Access subject-authority records that contain personal names (x00) using the derived search key for name headings (4,3,1).

Examples:
Name	CatME	Passport
Brown, Rita Mae	dn brow,rit,m or [brow,rit,m	fin dn brow,rit,m or [brow,rit,m
Sayers, Dorothy L.	dn saye,dor,l or [saye,dor,l	fin dn saye,dor,l or [saye,dor,l

Two-word names.   Enter a circumflex (^) in the third segment. If you are uncertain whether the name has only two words, leave the third segment blank.

Example:
Name	CatME	Passport
Norman, Geraldine	dn norm,ger,^ or [norm,ger,^	fin dn norm,ger,^ or[norm,ger,^

One-word names.  Enter the first four letters of the word and two commas.

Example:
Name	CatME	Passport
Colette	dn cole,, or [cole,,	fin dn cole,, or [cole,,

Second word fewer than three letters.   Enter the word and a circumflex (^).

Example:
Name	CatME	Passport
Jackson, W. P.	dn jack,w^,p or [jack,w^,p	fin dn jack,w^,p or [jack,w^,p

If you are uncertain how many letters the second word has, enter only the first one or two letters.

Example:
Name	CatME	Passport
Yeats, W. B.	dn yeat,w,b or [yeat,w,b	fin dn yeat,w,b or [yeat,w,b

Mc and Mac prefixes.   If a surname has the prefix Mc or Mac followed by an uppercase letter, treat the prefix as the single letter m.  If the prefix is followed by a lowercase letter, include the entire prefix. If in doubt, search both ways.

Examples:
Name	CatME	Passport
McCullers, Carson	dn mcul,car, or [mcul,car,	fin dn mcul,car, or [mcul,car,
MacIntosh, Joan	dn mint,joa, or [mint,joa,	fin dn mint,joa, or [mint,joa,
Macdonald, John Marshall	dn macd,joh,m or [macd,joh,m	fin dn macd,joh,m or [macd,joh,m
McDonald, John Graham	dn mdon,joh,g or [mdon,joh,g	fin dn mdon,joh,g or [mdon,joh,g
Macdonnell, James Edmond	dn macd,jam,e or [macd,jam,e	fin dn macd,jam,e or [macd,jam,e

Multiple surnames. Treat a multiple surname as a single word. Ignore punctuation or spaces within the surname.

Examples:
Name	CatME	Passport
Leon Portilla, Miguel	dn leon,mig, or [leon,mig,	fin dn leon,mig, or [leon,mig,
Chaput-Rolland, Solange	dn chap,sol, or [chap,sol,	fin dn chap,sol, or [chap,sol,
Van Buren, Martin	dn vanb,mar, or [vanb,mar,	fin dn vanb,mar, or [vanb,mar,
Du Maurier, Daphne	dn duma,dap, or [duma,dap,	fin dn duma,dap, or [duma,dap,
LeGuin, Ursula	dn legu,urs, or [legu,urs,	fin dn legu,urs, or [legu,urs,

Forename only. If the personal name is a forename only, treat the entire name as a single word. Ignore punctuation or spaces that may occur between words. This rule also applies to subject authority records for family names.

Examples:
Name	CatME	Passport
Jacobus de Varagine	dn jaco,, or [jaco,,	fin dn jaco,, or [jaco,,
Ram Gopal	dn ramg,, or [ramg,,	fin dn ramg,, or [ramg,,
El Greco	dn elgr,, or [elgr,,	fin dn elgr,, or [elgr,,
Lee family	dn leef,, or [leef,,	fin dn leef,, or [leef,,

Corporate and conference names

Access subject-authority records that contain corporate/conference/geographic names (x10, x11, x51) using the derived search key for a name headings (4,3,1).

Corporate and conference Mc and Mac.  The Mc and Mac rule for personal names does not apply to corporate or conference names or topical subjects.

Example:
Name	CatME	Passport
McGill Chamber Singers.	dn mcgi,cha,s or [mcgi,cha,s	fin dn mcgi,cha,s or [mcgi,cha,s

Stopwords.  Many corporate and conference names begin with common words, called stopwords. When a stopword is at the beginning of a corporate or conference name, exclude it.

Corporate and Conference Name Stopwords
Names of all states in the U.S. and the following:
a	East	Seminar
A.	for	Senate
American	France	Society
an	Great Britain	South
Association	Gt. Brit.	State
Australia	Gt.Brit.	Subcommittee
Bureau	House	Symposium
Canada	India	the
Colloquium	Institute	U.N.
Commission	Institution	U. N.
Committee	International	United Nations
Conference	Joint	United States
Congress	National	University
Council	North	U. S.
Department	of	U.S.
Dept.	on	West

Do not apply the list to personal or geographic names or topical subject search keys.

Stopwords after the first significant word. Exclude stopwords from the search key up to the first significant word (i.e., a word that is not a stopword). Thereafter, ignore the list and use all succeeding words.

Examples:
Name	CatME	Passport
Texas A & M University	dn &,m,u or [&,m,u	fin dn &,m,u or [&,m,u
Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women	dn inte,ath,f or [inte,ath,f	fin dn inte,ath,f or [inte,ath,f
Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction in China	dn rura,rec,i, or [rura,rec,i	fin dn rura,rec,i, or [rura,rec,i
University of Illinois at Chicago Circle	dn at,chi,c or [at,chi,c	fin dn at,chi,c or [at,chi,c

Stopwords joined by punctuation.  If a stopword is joined to other words or letters by punctuation without intervening spaces, do not treat it as a stopword.

Examples:
Name	CatME	Passport
A.M. Best Company	dn am,bes,c or [am,bes,c	fin dn am,bes,c or [am,bes,c
Illinois State's Attorneys Association	dn stat,att,a or [stat,att,a	fin dn stat,att,a or [stat,att,a

Stopwords joined by hyphens.  If a stopword is joined with another word by one or two hyphens with no intervening spaces, do not consider the hyphenated word to be a stopword.

Example:
Name	CatME	Passport
University of Wisconsin--La Crosse	dn wisc,cro, or [wisc,cro,	fin dn wisc,cro, or [wisc,cro,

All words in a name are stopwords.   If all words in the name are stopwords, ignore the stopword list.

Example:
Name	CatME	Passport
Ohio State University	dn ohio,sta,u or [ohio,sta,u	fin dn ohio,sta,u or [ohio,sta,u

United States, United Nations, Great Britain are stopwords.  The names United States, United Nations and Great Britain and their variant forms are  stopwords and are, in many cases, excluded from search keys for corporate and conference names. Include them in the following cases:

• U.S., U.N., or Gt.Brit. or its variant form follows a significant word.
• The corporate or conference name consists entirely of stopwords.
• They appear in a topical subject heading as a geographic subdivision in an indexed subfield.
• They appear in subject authority records with subject subdivisions.

Use the following forms of the names in search keys:

Name	Indexed and sorted as
U.S., U. S., or United States	us
U.N., U. N., or United Nations	un
Gt.Brit., Gt. Brit., or Great Britain	gtbr

Examples:
Name	CatME	Passport
United States—History—Sources	dn us,his,s or [us,his,s	fin dn us,his,s or [us,his,s
United States. Congress. Senate	dn us,con,s or [us,con,s	fin dn us,con,s or [us,con,s
U.S. Dept. of State	dn us,dep,o or [us,dep,o	fin dn us,dep,o or [us,dep,o
Institute of Physics (Great Britain)	dn phys,gtb, or [phys,gtb,	fin dn phys,gtb, or [phys,gtb,
United Nations	dn un,, or [un,,	fin dn un,, or [un,,

If one of these terms is joined with another word by means of punctuation with no intervening spaces, do not treat the term as a stopword. Do not abbreviate it to un, us, or gtbr.

Examples:
Name	CatME	Passport
United Nations/FAO Committee on Food Aid Policies and Programmes	dn unit,nat,c or [unit,nat,c	fin dn unit,nat,c or [unit,nat,c
United States-Japan Automotive Conference	dn unit,sta,a or [unit,sta,a	fin dn unit,sta,a or [unit,sta,a

If one of these terms follows a stopword and is joined to it by punctuation with no intervening spaces, the stopword is concatenated with us, un, or gtbr.  Do not consider either word to be a stopword. Include  Nations, States, or Britain in the search key.

Example:
Name	CatME	Passport
Canada-United States Law Institute	dn cana,law,i or [cana,law,i	fin dn cana,law,i or [cana,law,i

Uniform titles

Access authority records that contain uniform titles (x30) using the derived search key for uniform title headings (3,2,2,1).

Examples:
Title	CatME	Passport
Bible. O.T. Pentateuch. Hebrew	dt bib,ot,pe,h or [bib,ot,pe,h	fin dt bib,ot,pe,h or [bib,ot,pe,h
Women's studies monograph series	dt wom,st,mo,s or [wom,st,mo,s	fin dt wom,st,mo,s or [wom,st,mo,s
Language and dialect atlas of Kenya	dt lan,an,di,a or [lan,an,di,a	fin dt lan,an,di,a or [lan,an,di,a

Fewer than four words.  Enter as many words as the title has and enter the remaining commas. A search key with fewer than four words matches only uniform titles with that number of words.

Examples:
Title	CatME	Passport
Bio-bibliography	dt bio,,, or [bio,,,	fin dt bio,,, or [bio,,,
Vedas. Yajurveda	dt ved,ya,, or [ved,ya,,	fin dt ved,ya,, or [ved,ya,,

Circumflex.  If you know that the second or third word has a single letter, enter that letter followed by a circumflex (^). The circumflex is optional but makes the search more specific.

Example:
Title	CatME	Passport
Artes y oficios	dt art,y^,of, or [art,y^,of,	fin dt art,y^,of, or [art,y^,of,

Topical subjects

Access subject authority records that contain topical subject headings (x50) using the derived search key for topical subjects (5,3).

Examples:
Subject	CatME	Passport
Music, Greek and Roman	ds music,gre or [music,gre	fin ds music,gre or [music,gre
Women economists	ds women,eco or [women,eco	fin ds women,eco or [women,eco

Circumflex.  Use a circumflex (^) to make the search specific.  In the following example, the first search retrieves more than 600 entries, while the second search with the circumflex (^) retrieves approximately 115 entries.

Examples:
Subject	CatME	Passport
Art ...	ds art, or [art,	fin ds art, or [art,
art	ds art,^ or [art,^	fin ds art,^ or [art,^

back to top

7.5 Error Messages/Revising Searches

CatME

When you enter search segments and click Find, the system automatically expects two things:

1. The first three characters are a valid two-character index label plus one space.

2. The remaining characters and commas match one of the patterns assigned to each index label.

If the search does not meet these requirements, the system generates an error message.

To revise the search.

	Action
1	Change the text in the Query box.
2	Click Find or press < Alt >< F >. Result: The Search OCLC Online window closes and the search results are displayed.

If you click the Scan button instead of the Find button, CatME displays an error message. Once you receive an error message you must:

	Action
1	Click OK in the error message window. Or Press < Enter > then press < Backspace >.
2	Repeat the search with the correct text.

Passport

In Passport, the system displays the Revise screen automatically when your search has an entry error. The Revise screen indicates the type of error and presents your search text for correction.

To revise the search. The system places the cursor on the first character of your search.

• Use the left/right arrow keys to move the cursor as necessary.
• Insert, delete, or replace characters, then press < F10 >.

The system displays the results of the revised search.

back to top

7.6 Search Results (Summary Description)

The results of the derived search key search depend on how many records the search retrieves.

Note: The results given below are valid in CatME only when the Default display results option is selected. If you select one of the three other options, the results display in that format.

Record(s)	CatME	Passport
1	brief list showing 1 record	full record
2-25	brief list	brief list
26-100	truncated list	truncated list
101-600	quickview list	quickview list

More information

Navigating within these lists and accessing individual records is discussed in chapter 8, Viewing Search Results.

back to top

7.7 Reviewing Search History

CatME and Passport provide a way to repeat previous searches without re-keying.

CatME

CatME does not keep search results but keeps track of up to the last ten searches (numeric or otherwise) and lets you select and repeat a specific search. CatME keeps this list until you log off.

	Action
1	Do one or more searches (Find commands).
2	Click History. Result: The list of previous searches appears.
3	Double-click the search you want to reuse. Or Press < Enter >. Result: The search appears in the Query box.
4	Revise the search if you wish. For example, add terms to retrieve fewer records. Or remove terms if a search retrieved no records.
5	Click Find. Result: CatME sends the search to the OCLC system. Note: Default database. Not used. The search includes the database indicator.

Passport

Passport does not keep search results as such, but rather keeps track of your last ten searches (numeric or otherwise) and lets you select and repeat a specific search. You use the Review (rev) and Display (dis) commands to view this list and repeat a search:

	Action
1	At the Home position enter rev and press < F11 >.
2	At the Home position enter dis s[line number] OR s[line number] and press < F11 >. Example: To repeat the search for LCCN 79-117152, enter: dis s3 or s3. Result: The Search Query screen disappears and the search results are displayed.

back to top