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| Rank | Language | First-Language Speakers in Millions | Second-language Speakers in Millions | U.S. residents who speak this language at home (2000) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chinese (Mandarin) | 874 | 410 | 6,619,099 |
| 2 | Hindi | 366 | 121 | 316,259 |
| 3 | English | 341 | - | - |
| 4 | Spanish | 322-358 | 59-95 | 41,749,587 |
| 5 | Bengali | 207 | 4 | No census data |
| 6 | Portuguese | 176 | - | - |
| 7 | Russian | 167 | 110 | 705,675 |
| 8 | Japanese | 125 | 1 | 476,973 |
| 9 | German | 100 | - | - |
| 10 | Korean | 78 | 1 | 892,578 |
| 11 | French | 77 | - | - |
| 14 | Chinese (Cantonese) | 71 | No census data | |
| 17 | Vietnamese | 68 | 12 | 1,004,711 |
| 18 | Tamil | 66 | 8 | No census data |
| 19 | Italian | 62 | - | - |
| 20 | Turkish | 61 | - | - |
| 21 | Urdu | 60 | 44 | 262,580 |
| 22 | Ukrainian | 47 | - | - |
| 23 | Gujarati | 46 | unknown | 235,409 |
| 34 | Panjabi (Western) | 30-45 | No census data | |
| 36 | Panjabi (Eastern) | 27 | No census data |